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Prevention of Bacterial Blight of Celery
Celery, also known as western celery or simply celery, is a large plant with thickened petioles and low cellulose content, making it crisp and flavorful. Its leaves are sweet, and it's easy to store and transport, which makes it highly popular among consumers. Rich in nutrients, celery has become one of the most important vegetables in China due to its high yield, ease of cultivation, and adaptability to various growing conditions. However, the occurrence of diseases affecting celery is on the rise, posing challenges for farmers.
One common disease is damping-off, which is a soil-borne infection that typically affects young seedlings. It primarily targets tender stems and seeds, causing poor germination before the seedlings emerge from the soil. The cotyledons may develop light brown spots on the stem, which then expand around the base, turning yellow and brown while the stem shrinks into a thin line. Often, the seedlings suddenly wilt and die before the cotyledons have fully withered.
To manage damping-off, it's essential to disinfect the seeds before planting. This can be done using 40% seed dressing at 0.5% of the seed weight, or 95% Dukesson wettable powder applied at the same rate. These treatments should be mixed with the seeds during sowing. In addition, early chemical control is necessary. At the first sign of the disease, you can apply 50% carbendazim WP diluted 600 times per mu, or 70% mancozeb WP at 600–800 times dilution. Alternatively, you can use 600 times diluted venom scorpion or pueraine at 2000 times concentration, applying approximately 50–60 kg per mu. These treatments should be alternated and applied every 7–10 days, possibly up to two or three times.
Another common issue is blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, which is also a soil-borne disease. It occurs during the seedling stage, and in the early stages, dark brown spots appear on the base of the stems, slightly sunken. As the disease progresses, the affected area spreads around the stem, leading to plant death without folding. The roots may also turn brown or rot.
Prevention and control for blight involve thorough seed disinfection. You can use 40% seed dressing double wettable powder at 0.5% of the seed weight, or 95% enemy wet pine powder at the same rate, mixed with the seeds during sowing. Early application of fungicides is also crucial. At the onset of the disease, you can spray 600 times diluted anti-virus, or 600 times diluted Jin Lei Duomier, or 2000 times diluted Xiehaidai at 50–60 kg per mu. Repeat the treatment every 7–10 days, and consider applying it two or three times for best results.
By following these preventive measures and timely interventions, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of these diseases and ensure healthier celery crops.