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Management Techniques for Feeding Wild Ducks
Wild ducks are considered precious among wild birds and have long been regarded as a premium game species. Their meat is not only delicious but also highly nutritious and has medicinal benefits. Artificial breeding of wild ducks offers farmers an excellent opportunity to increase their income. Below is an improved and detailed guide on the management techniques for raising wild ducks:
First, selecting the right location for breeding is crucial. The site should be sheltered from the wind, with dry soil, sloped terrain, and access to shallow ponds or rivers. A semi-aquatic, semi-dry shed should be constructed to accommodate their natural behavior. Since wild ducks can fly, it's essential to install nets or enclosures around the area. You can also create small pools or dig pits for water. The size of the duck house depends on the number of ducks. Typically, 8–10 ducks per square meter is ideal, with no more than 20 per square meter in open areas. For water-based spaces, 12–20 ducks per square meter is acceptable. If you build artificial pools, 4 square meters can hold about 100 ducks. The pool should be 30–40 cm deep, and the water must be changed regularly to maintain cleanliness. Adding fish to the pond can also provide additional benefits.
Second, feeding strategies vary depending on the stage of the ducks. There are four main phases: brooding, breeding, egg-laying, and fattening. Each stage requires different nutritional levels and feed formulas. For example, young ducks need 10–20% crude protein, while adult ducks require 14–16%. Feed formulations include corn, bran, barley, soybean meal, fish meal, and minerals. Green feed should be adjusted seasonally—leaves and plants in winter and spring, and aquatic plants like water hyacinth in summer and autumn. Multivitamins should be added at a rate of 5 grams per 50 kg of feed.
Third, proper management is key to successful breeding. Wild ducks need consistent egg production, so they must be protected from extreme weather conditions. Clean drinking water and shaded areas for bathing are essential. Dry feed is preferable, and wet mixtures should be consumed immediately to avoid spoilage. Ducklings require careful temperature control during the first few weeks, starting at 30°C and gradually decreasing. Humidity should be maintained at 65–75%, and ventilation, lighting, and exercise are important for their health. As ducks grow, the density in the house should be adjusted accordingly.
Fattening is a critical phase that enhances meat quality. Ducks are fed high-energy feeds to promote rapid growth and fat accumulation. This process typically lasts about 15 days, with feed given 4 times daily. After feeding, ensure adequate water and limited exercise to maximize weight gain.
Fourth, disease prevention is vital. At 80–90 days old, ducks should receive a duck plague vaccine, diluted 200 times and injected at 1 ml per muscle. At around 100 days, a chicken cholera vaccine is administered at 2 ml per muscle. Maintaining clean and dry living conditions, regular cleaning, and good hygiene practices are essential for disease control.
By following these detailed breeding and management practices, farmers can successfully raise wild ducks, ensuring both productivity and profitability.