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Prevention of Bacterial Blight of Celery
Celery, also known as western celery or simply celery, is a large plant with thickened petioles, low cellulose content, and a crisp texture. Its leaves are sweet, making it easy to store and transport. Rich in nutrients, it is widely popular among consumers. In China, it has become one of the main vegetables due to its high yield, ease of cultivation, and wide planting area. However, the occurrence of diseases in celery is on the rise. This article will discuss two common celery diseases—damping-off and blight—and their prevention and control methods.
Damping-off is a soil-borne disease that typically occurs during the seedling stage, affecting the tender stems and seeds. The disease can cause poor germination before the seedlings emerge from the soil. Early symptoms include light brown spots on the stem, which gradually expand around the base of the stem, turning yellow and brown while shrinking into a narrow line. Often, the cotyledons have not yet wilted, but the seedlings suddenly collapse and die.
To prevent damping-off, seeds should be disinfected. One effective method is to use 40% seed dressing at 0.5% of the seed weight, or 95% Dukesson wettable powder at the same rate, mixed with the seeds before sowing. Additionally, early chemical treatment is essential. At the first sign of the disease, you can apply 50% carbendazim WP diluted 600 times per mu, or 70% mancozeb WP diluted 600–800 times. Alternatively, you can use 600 times diluted venom scorpion or pueraine at 2000 times, applying 50–60 kg of solution per mu. Repeat the application every 7–10 days for 2–3 times.
Another common disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani, a soil-borne pathogen that affects seedlings. In the early stages, dark brown spots appear on the base of the stems, slightly sunken. As the disease progresses, the infected area spreads around the stem, causing the seedlings to die without collapsing. The roots may also turn brown or rot.
To manage this disease, proper seed disinfection is crucial. Use 40% seed dressing double wettable powder at 0.5% of the seed weight, or 95% enemy wet pine powder at the same rate, mixed with the seeds during sowing. Chemical control should also be applied promptly. When the disease appears, you can spray 600 times diluted anti-virus, or 600 times diluted Jin Lei Duomier, or 2000 times diluted Xiehaidai, using 50–60 kg of solution per mu. Apply the treatment every 7–10 days for up to 2–3 applications.
Proper management, including good seed selection, soil preparation, and timely intervention, is essential to reduce the impact of these diseases and ensure healthy celery growth.