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Soilless Cultivation Methods and Techniques of Hami Melon
In 1993, the Shenzhen Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Bao'an District initiated a self-developed project focused on soilless cultivation of Hami melons. The project was officially approved by the Bao'an District Bureau of Science and Technology in 1995. Following two years of preliminary trials and three years of greenhouse testing, the technical standards of the project were successfully met, with comprehensive scientific measures implemented and complete data collected.
The main achievements of this project include the development of an optimal nutrient formula that supports the healthy growth of Hami melons, ensuring high-quality production and successful trial planting. A set of scientific management techniques suitable for soilless cultivation of Hami melons in the Shenzhen region was also proposed. Notably, the use of shallow water cultivation proved to be a key factor in reducing the occurrence and spread of destructive muskmelon diseases, marking a significant technological breakthrough.
Additionally, the application of circulating nutrient solutions, enhanced oxygen supply, and uniform plant absorption contributed to stronger plant growth, improved resistance, and lower disease incidence. These methods became important success factors and are worth promoting and applying more widely.
Another key achievement was the selection of red netted melon varieties that thrive in the local climate. These varieties produced high-quality fruits with high yields. The average yield per mu (approximately 1/15 hectare) reached 2,313 kilograms, with some plots achieving up to 2,934 kilograms. The sweetness of the melons, measured as the refractive sugar content at the center, generally ranged from 14 degrees, with some reaching as high as 17.5 degrees. This project demonstrated strong economic benefits and laid a solid foundation for future large-scale applications of soilless cultivation techniques for Hami melons in southern China.