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Edible rose cultivation management technology
Roses are deciduous shrubs belonging to the Rosaceae family. They are traditional ornamental flowers in China, known for their vibrant colors and captivating beauty. With a rich fragrance, roses have long been symbols of friendship and love. Beyond their aesthetic value, they also offer health benefits—containing 18 types of amino acids and various essential trace elements that support overall well-being. Medical experts both domestically and internationally have noted their positive effects on cardiovascular health, making them valuable in medicinal and culinary uses.
In recent years, the cultivation and consumption of edible roses in China have grown rapidly. As demand increases, so does the need for expanded planting areas. To ensure high-quality production, it's important to understand the specific environmental needs of different rose varieties.
Roses require full sunlight, ideally 6–8 hours per day. Insufficient light can lead to weak growth and poor flowering. In hot summer conditions, some varieties may develop shorter branches and harder bark. For example, purple roses, Pingyin No. 1, and No. 3 may experience flower browning or deformation. To improve yield, shading may be necessary during peak sun periods. Roses thrive in warm and humid environments, with optimal temperatures ranging from 15–18°C at night and 23–25°C during the day. The ideal soil pH is between 6.5 and 7.5, and it should be loose, fertile, and well-drained.
When selecting varieties, several options are available. Double roses are traditional, with upright growth and rich fragrance. Purple roses, also called Four Seasons Roses, bloom over a longer period and have strong disease resistance. Pingyin No. 1 and No. 3 are high-yield varieties with compact forms and excellent flowering performance. Other popular types include Bulgarian Rose, Soviet Perfume No. 1-4, Kushui Rose, Flower Rose, and Beijing White Rose.
Propagation is typically done through grafting using wild roses or thornless dog roses as rootstocks. Cuttings are also an option, though they often result in weaker plants with shorter lifespans. Grafting is most successful during the growing season, and once established, seedlings can be ready within 3–5 months.
Cultivation involves careful land selection, proper soil preparation, and appropriate spacing. Fertilization and pruning are essential for maintaining plant health and productivity. Pest and disease control must be managed through regular monitoring and timely treatments.
Harvesting should occur when buds are fully developed but not yet open, ensuring the best quality. Post-harvest processing includes drying or preserving petals with sugar, allowing for long-term storage and use in culinary applications.
With proper care and attention, roses can continue to play a vital role in both agriculture and daily life.