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Aquaculture to prevent rainy season
In June and July, aquaculture in the southern regions enters a crucial phase. As temperatures rise, both air and water temperatures increase, prompting aquatic species to grow at an accelerated rate. However, this period also brings unpredictable weather conditions, such as rainstorms, thunderstorms, and prolonged rainfall, which can significantly affect aquaculture operations. Most farmers must enhance pond management and disease prevention measures to ensure healthy growth and minimize losses.
First, maintaining good water quality is essential. During this time, fish consume more feed, leading to increased waste production, which can degrade water quality and cause oxygen depletion. It's important to use aerators regularly based on weather and water conditions. In hot or rainy days, extend aeration time. Regularly add fresh water, maintain high water levels, and replace some of the bottom water to keep the environment stable.
Second, disease prevention should be a top priority. Farmers should focus on preventing various fish diseases by using disinfectants like lime, chlorine dioxide, or dibromohydantoin. Alternatively, microecological agents can be used to improve water quality and create a healthier environment for aquatic life.
Third, daily monitoring and consistent on-duty practices are critical. With frequent weather changes, it’s vital to closely observe fish feeding behavior and activity, especially during thunderstorms or extreme heat. If signs of oxygen deficiency appear—such as fish floating at the surface—immediately add new water and activate aerators to prevent mass fish deaths.
Heavy rains and storms have a major impact on Penaeus vannamei (white shrimp) farming. Sudden changes in water temperature, salinity, and plankton levels can stress the shrimp, increasing the risk of disease outbreaks. For example, in 2004, typhoon and heavy rain events caused drastic shifts in the aquaculture environment, leading to severe disease outbreaks in our region. This experience serves as a valuable lesson.
To avoid similar issues, shrimp farmers should pay special attention during rainy periods. First, maintain a stable water level to prevent salinity fluctuations. Second, operate aerators to reduce sudden changes in temperature and salinity. Third, disinfect the ponds promptly, and consider using oxygenation agents and beneficial microbes before disinfection. Fourth, supplement feed with vitamin C, immune boosters, and probiotics to strengthen shrimp immunity. Lastly, increase pond patrols and remain vigilant to detect early signs of problems and take preventive actions.