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Vegetable fields cover wheat straw
In addition to being used in papermaking, cultivating edible fungi, and weaving, wheat straw can also be utilized as a mulch for vegetable crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, and long beans. It's important to manage the timing of the first watering properly. Late-season wheat straw is less prone to rot, so it should be evenly spread across the vegetable field, not left exposed on the ground, with a thickness of about 5 cm.
Wheat straw mulching offers several benefits. First, it enhances water retention and soil fertility. The straw layer on the soil surface helps increase rainwater infiltration, prevents water from evaporating due to sunlight, and reduces the loss of nutrients from the soil. This method can cut down on watering by 2 to 3 times and save up to 20% on fertilizer use, while also reducing irrigation costs by around 40%.
Second, it helps reduce the occurrence of diseases. During rainy seasons, especially in summer and autumn, the mulch prevents the spread of various diseases caused by rainwater. It is particularly effective in preventing the development of *M. sphaeroides* disease, which rarely occurs under this practice, thus reducing the need for pesticide applications and improving product safety and quality.
Third, it suppresses weed growth. Once the straw is applied, the light intensity on the soil surface decreases, which hinders the photosynthesis of weeds and limits their growth. This makes weeding unnecessary, saving labor and time.
Fourth, it acts as a natural fertilizer. After the vegetables are harvested, the decomposed straw (which has turned black and rotted) can be deeply incorporated into the soil. This enriches the soil with organic matter and releases essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It also improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil, boosts microbial activity, and enhances overall soil health.
If you're interested in sustainable farming practices, this technique is definitely worth trying. It’s an eco-friendly and cost-effective way to improve crop yield and soil quality at the same time.