Melanin is a protein that exists in the basal layer of everyone` s skin. The exposure to ultraviolet radiation can cause changes in melanin, generating a substance that protects the skin. Then, melanin moves through the layers of cellular metabolism and reaches the epidermis of the skin, resulting in skin problems such as pigmentation and uneven skin color.
(1) The first step of whitening is to inhibit melanin production.
Melanin is the most important type of pigment that affects skin whiteness, and inhibiting the generation of melanin is the most important ultimate goal of whitening products.
(2) The second step of whitening is to block melanin transport.
After melanin is generated within melanocytes, melanosomes are transported along the dendritic processes of melanocytes to the surrounding keratinocytes, affecting skin color.
(3)The third step of whitening, stripping.
By softening the stratum corneum, these substances accelerate the shedding of dead cells in the stratum corneum and promote the metabolism of the epidermis, so that the melanosomes entering the epidermis fall off with the rapid renewal of the epidermis during metabolism process, thereby reducing its impact on skin color.
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Pigeon four synchronous feeding new technology
The implementation of the "four simultaneous" new technology in raising meat pigeons has significantly improved efficiency, accelerated reproduction, reduced costs, and enabled faster fattening. This four-step breeding method is designed to streamline the entire process and ensure optimal results. Here's a detailed breakdown:
1. **Synchronous Pairing**: Male and female pigeons of the same age are paired together and kept in the same loft. This not only improves labor efficiency but also enhances management control, ensuring that all birds perform at their best in terms of growth and productivity.
2. **Synchronized Production**: Once paired, pigeons typically begin laying eggs within 8 days. Since all the birds are of the same age and paired at the same time, egg production occurs simultaneously across the entire group, making it easier to manage and track.
3. **Synchronized Incubation**: Eggs laid during the same period are collected and recorded. They are then placed in an electric incubator with a temperature maintained at around 38°C and a relative humidity of approximately 61%. The eggs are placed on trays with the blunt end up, and they are turned 5–6 times daily. On day 4–5 of incubation, any weak or non-developing eggs are removed. After 17–18 days, the chicks hatch successfully.
4. **Synchronized Feeding**: Newly hatched pigeons are moved to a brooding room for artificial feeding. The room must be clean and disinfected, with brooding racks set up. A layer of 2–3 cm thick oyster shells or wheat straw is placed in the feeders, with two pigeons per dish. The diet is adjusted according to the age of the birds.
For the first 1–5 days, the feed consists of 40–50% skim milk powder, 55–60% chick feed, along with minerals, vitamins, and antibiotics. All ingredients are mixed evenly and combined with five times the amount of water to create a paste-like consistency. The temperature should be around 35°C, and the mixture is fed using a syringe-like device, 4–5 times daily, with 5–7 ml per pigeon per day. The quantity is gradually increased after the second day.
From day 6 to 9, the formula changes to 25% skim milk powder and 75% chick feed, with the same additives and water ratio. By day 10, skim milk powder is reduced to 3–5%, and feeding is done three times a day.
The brooding room starts at 35°C on day one and decreases by 0.5°C each day until it reaches 25°C. With this feeding method, the pigeons are ready for market within 18–21 days. This systematic approach ensures healthy, fast-growing birds while maintaining cost-effectiveness and operational efficiency.