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Boar rearing and development value
In recent years, the natural environment has been deteriorating, and human overhunting of wild boars has led to a sharp decline in their population. In response, artificial breeding has emerged as a vital solution that not only protects wildlife but also benefits humans by providing sustainable resources. This practice is beneficial for both the nation and its people. Currently, wild boar domestication is still in its early stages in China, with high demand in cities like Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong.
Wild boar breeding begins with selecting young individuals, typically weighing between 10 and 22 kilograms, which are easier to domesticate. These young boars are more adaptable and can be raised alongside domestic pigs in an 8:2 ratio. This mix helps them acclimate faster, as they tend to socialize and follow the domestic pigs. Wild boars are omnivorous, eating both raw and processed foods. Initially, they should be fed mostly on wild food, gradually introducing commercial feed. As they become accustomed to captivity, a balanced diet of grains, bran, and vegetable scraps, along with salt, supports their growth.
For housing, it's best to build enclosures on elevated ground for good drainage and ventilation. The pens should have separate areas for sleeping, feeding, and exercise. A small water pool is essential for cooling, but it must not be too deep or narrow to prevent accidents, especially during hot weather. A passageway connects the inner and outer areas, allowing free movement. Gates are placed at the front of the sleeping area for easy access.
Breeding wild boars requires attention to timing and technique. Sows usually give birth twice a year, with litters of 6 to 10 piglets. The optimal breeding age is between 5 to 6 months, when the sow weighs 40 to 60 kg. Signs of estrus include swollen, red genitalia, which later turns dark purple. Mating can last up to 40 minutes, and repeated matings every 6 to 8 hours improve fertility rates. After mating, sows are monitored for signs of pregnancy, such as the absence of estrus after 20 days.
Selecting quality breeding stock is crucial. Purebred wild boars are preferred to maintain genetic purity, while crossbreeds may lose their wild traits. Inbreeding should be avoided to ensure stronger, healthier offspring. Breeding programs often use purebred males and domestic females like Duroc or Changbai to produce stable, fast-growing hybrids.
Wild boar meat is highly valued for its lean, nutritious qualities. It contains higher levels of protein, unsaturated fats, and linoleic acid compared to domestic pork. Its lean meat percentage is 6–8% higher, making it a healthier option. Products like wild boar ham and bacon are popular in markets across China and internationally. In cities like Nanjing and Shanghai, wild boar meat sells for 15–30 yuan per 500 grams, reflecting its premium status and growing consumer demand.