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There are five "must" pigs in summer
In the sweltering summer heat combined with high humidity, the pig industry is particularly vulnerable to various adverse effects. Pigs begin to experience heat stress when temperatures exceed 32°C to 34°C. If these conditions persist for two to three consecutive days, pigs often show signs of discomfort and reduced productivity. Common symptoms include loss of appetite, elevated body temperature, fatigue, decreased libido in boars, failure of non-pregnant sows to come into estrus, irregular estrus cycles, higher embryo mortality in pregnant sows, and even death in some cases due to extreme heat.
To mitigate these issues, several measures must be taken:
1. **Improve Ventilation**
For buildings oriented east-west, make full use of front and rear windows to enhance air circulation. Before summer arrives, consider enlarging smaller windows or installing fans if possible. Proper ventilation helps lower indoor temperatures and improves overall air quality.
2. **Implement Shade Measures**
Planting trees around the pig house not only contributes to greening but also provides natural shade. Additionally, constructing a pergola near the pig house can help reduce ground temperatures, offering a cooler environment for the animals.
3. **Ensure Adequate Water Supply**
During summer, pigs require more water. Feeding them with thinner, more digestible feed can help. Make sure clean drinking water is always available. Spraying water around the pig house can provide some cooling effect, but avoid directly splashing cold water on the pigs, as it may cause illness.
4. **Enhance Feeding Management**
Adjust feeding times to cooler hours, such as between 4:00 AM to 5:00 AM and 8:00 PM to 9:00 PM. Avoid feeding during midday when temperatures are highest. Gradually adjust feeding schedules according to temperature changes rather than making sudden shifts. When moving piglets for sale, choose cooler periods. Adjust farrowing times to avoid the hottest seasons. Avoid using excessive cold water in farrowing areas to prevent high humidity. Regularly clean the bedding and remove feces at least 2–3 times daily, while also controlling pests like mosquitoes and flies.
5. **Adjust Feed Formulas**
To support pigs during hot weather, add baking soda (2–3 kg per ton), vitamin C (150–200 g per ton), and vitamin E (80–100 g per ton) to full-price feed. For sows, adding 5–8 kg of edible oil per ton and slightly increasing crude protein levels can improve their health and performance.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can better protect their pigs from the harmful effects of summer heat, ensuring better health, productivity, and overall well-being of the herd.