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Apple trees need anti-sunburn during the rainy season
Sunburn disease, also known as sunscald, is a common issue affecting apple trees, particularly during hot and dry periods. The affected apples show symptoms such as dehydration and scorching on the surface exposed to sunlight, resulting in reddish-brown, nearly circular spots. These spots gradually grow larger and eventually turn into dark brown lesions with yellow halos around them, which can significantly reduce the quality and market value of the fruit.
July and August are critical months for preventing sunburn. Implementing effective measures during this time can greatly lower the occurrence of the disease. Here are some recommended practices:
1. **Timely Irrigation**: Ensure that the orchard receives sufficient water, especially when drought conditions are not yet severe. Proper irrigation helps maintain soil moisture and reduces the risk of sunburn.
2. **Tree Trunk Mulching**: Before the onset of high temperatures and dry weather, apply a 20 cm layer of straw, grass, or wheat bran around the base of the tree. This not only protects the soil from overheating but also helps retain moisture and supports beneficial organisms like earthworms.
3. **Fruit Covering**: For fruits that are more susceptible to sunburn, cover the sun-facing side with large leaves such as those from tung trees, ramie, or broadleaf grasses. This provides shade and reduces direct exposure to intense sunlight.
4. **White Paper Application**: Place white paper on the sunny side of the fruit. This reflective material helps to deflect sunlight, reducing the likelihood of sunburn damage.
5. **Lime Milk Spraying**: Apply a thin layer of lime milk on the surface of the fruit facing the sun. This not only reflects light but also has antibacterial properties, helping to protect the fruit from both sunburn and disease.
6. **Amino Acid Fertilizer Spraying**: From early July to late August, spray Meifeng or Qirui amino acid fertilizer diluted at 400 times concentration, two to three times with a 15-day interval. This improves the tree’s drought resistance, reduces sunburn, promotes fruit growth, and enhances fruit quality, while also encouraging better flower bud development for the following season.
7. **Evening Water Spraying**: During the evening or when the sun is low, mist the tree canopy with clean water. This helps cool the foliage and reduces the chances of sunburn caused by heat buildup.
By combining these strategies, growers can effectively manage sunburn and ensure healthier, higher-quality apple crops. It's important to monitor weather conditions and adjust practices accordingly to maximize protection.
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