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Cashmere goat abortion prevention
Cashmere goats are highly susceptible to miscarriage during the winter and spring seasons, often due to a variety of factors ranging from infectious diseases to poor nutrition and management practices. Understanding these causes and implementing preventive measures is crucial for maintaining healthy flocks.
One of the main causes of abortion in cashmere goats is chlamydia infection. When a pregnant goat contracts this disease, the bacteria multiply in the placenta, particularly in the chorionic villi, leading to inflammation and early fetal loss. The infection can be transmitted through infected rams, as their semen may carry the pathogen. Once an ewe is infected, she usually aborts around one month before her expected kidding date. There are typically no noticeable pre-abortion symptoms, except for signs like abdominal discomfort and vocalization. After the abortion, stillborn kids are expelled. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure, and it should be administered annually.
Another common cause is brucellosis, which typically affects goats during the third to fourth month of pregnancy. This bacterial infection can lead to high abortion rates, especially when it first appears in a herd. However, many goats recover and develop immunity over time. Regular vaccination is essential to prevent outbreaks and reduce losses.
Nutritional deficiencies also play a significant role, especially during the winter and spring months when feed quality is low. Poor availability of protein, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements can lead to malnutrition. Combined with cold weather, dry conditions, and unstable climates, the nutritional demands of pregnant goats increase, making it difficult for them to meet their own needs, let alone those of the developing fetus. This can result in fetal abnormalities or even spontaneous abortions.
Improper management practices, such as sudden temperature changes, exposure to icy water, feeding moldy hay, or frequent movement in and out of enclosures, can also trigger abortions. These stressors can disrupt the delicate hormonal balance necessary for a successful pregnancy.
To effectively control abortions in cashmere goats, a comprehensive approach is needed. First, proper feeding and management must be prioritized, especially during the winter and spring. Providing additional nutrients such as carrots and grass meal can help boost the immune system of pregnant goats. Using plastic greenhouses for raising goats can protect them from harsh weather, while avoiding moldy feed is essential for preventing infections.
Maintaining clean living conditions is also important—regular cleaning of pens, proper disposal of manure, and regular disinfection of areas where goats are kept can significantly reduce the risk of disease transmission. Any goats that experience an abortion should be isolated immediately to prevent the spread of infection. Pastures, feeding equipment, and other facilities should be disinfected regularly. Additionally, promoting artificial insemination techniques can help avoid the risk of disease transmission through natural breeding.
By addressing these factors through improved nutrition, hygiene, and management, goat farmers can greatly reduce the incidence of abortion and improve the overall health and productivity of their flocks.