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How to Interpose Watermelon in Plastic Film Cotton Field
It has been proven that intercropping cotton with watermelon can lead to higher yields, boost production, and provide double harvests, which significantly increases farmers' income, offering an effective path to prosperity. Most farmers would likely be interested in trying this method.
1. **Choosing Early-Maturing, High-Quality Watermelon Varieties**: After covering the cotton fields with plastic mulch, if you plan to grow watermelons to increase your income, it's essential to select short-season, early-maturing, and high-quality varieties that have a shorter period of coexistence with cotton. Varieties such as "Early Flower Melon," "Hainan Island Melon," "Eighteen Days Red," and "Secondary Education" are ideal choices. These allow for earlier harvesting, quicker market entry, and faster vine development, ensuring that both crops thrive without competing excessively.
2. **Seeding Method and Sowing Time**: A common practice is to use a 4-foot wide band, with a 2.6-foot wide row and a 1.4-foot narrow row. Approximately 3,500 to 3,800 cotton plants are planted per mu, while 300 to 400 watermelon seedlings are placed on the same side of the cotton. One watermelon plant is typically spaced between every five or three cotton plants. The sowing time should align with local planting schedules. Seeds are soaked before planting, and plastic film is applied after sowing. Once the watermelon leaves reach 6 to 7, soil should be pressed around the roots, and vines should be guided toward the wider rows.
3. **Management Techniques for Cotton and Watermelon Intercropping**: In general, watermelons require more water than cotton during the early stages. To ensure that the watermelon doesn't suffer, water should be provided as soon as the leaves begin to show signs of wilting. During the cotton seedling stage, spraying with a 0.2% urea solution or a 0.3% petroleum emulsifier solution (20–25 kg per acre) once or twice can help promote growth. After the watermelons set fruit, applying a 10% wood ash solution or a 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (50–60 kg per acre) one or two times can help supplement potassium and micronutrients. Additionally, spraying with 0.02% potassium permanganate or 0.2% ferrous sulfate (about 50 kg per acre) can improve watermelon quality, sugar content, and disease resistance, while also promoting earlier ripening.
Be sure to remove any seedlings promptly to avoid burning. If locusts appear in the cotton field, you can apply a 2% tobacco water mixture to the seedlings or spray a 0.3% detergent powder solution (30 kg per mu) to control the infestation.
This method not only maximizes land use but also helps farmers achieve better economic returns while maintaining crop health and productivity. It’s a sustainable and profitable approach worth considering for small-scale farmers looking to enhance their agricultural output.