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Medicinal ants breeding techniques
At present, China's medicinal ants are primarily referred to as "black ants." The artificial breeding of these ants offers advantages such as fast reproduction, low risk, minimal investment, and high returns. Below are the key aspects of drug ant farming technology that have been widely adopted:
First, the construction of an ant house should be done in a well-ventilated indoor space made of cement or mud. The area should be designed with a circular drainage ditch around the rearing pond. The ditch should be about 50 cm wide and 10 cm deep, filled with water to prevent the ants from escaping. The central island can be built using a simple wooden frame, and it can be layered. Each layer should be approximately 25 to 30 cm in height, allowing for easy movement between levels. Typically, 5 to 10 nests can be placed per square meter.
Second, when introducing ant nests, it is essential to ensure they contain both a queen and a king to support successful breeding. The growth and reproduction of medicinal ants are highly dependent on temperature and humidity control. With proper management, a single nest can produce 150 to 250 new nests annually. The ideal temperature range is 25°C to 30°C, while the ambient humidity should be maintained at 80% to 90%. The soil moisture level should be around 20%, and water should be sprayed several times a day. During colder months, plastic sheets can be used to cover the shed, or light bulbs and coal stoves can be used for heating. An ant queen can lay between 30 to 50 eggs daily, with a survival rate exceeding 80%. After 20 days to 2 months, each nest will naturally divide into multiple nests, and a large number of ants will emerge before feeding. At this stage, adding leaves, grass, sawdust, and a small amount of sugar to the food container can encourage the ants to split their nests.
Third, feeding the ants requires a balanced diet. These omnivorous insects need a variety of nutritious foods. Suitable options include corn flour, alkaline substances, leftover food, rice bran, watermelon rind, and rotten pears. They can also be fed high-protein insect sources like flies, pests, or dead insects.
Fourth, daily management is crucial for maintaining a healthy ant colony. First, the environment must remain clean, as ants not only consume bait but also drink water. Second, provide 15 hours of light daily, avoiding direct sunlight in summer, and use 15-watt bulbs for nighttime lighting. Third, ensure good air circulation within the ant house to maintain fresh air. Fourth, avoid disturbing the nests by not flipping them, as this can disrupt breeding. Lastly, keep the area free from pollutants such as pesticides, fertilizers, paints, and cigarette smoke.
Fifth, the drying process involves starving the ants for 3 to 5 days before placing them in a plastic bag with a small amount of sugar. When the ants gather inside the bag, seal it tightly and expose it to sunlight for 10 hours. Once dried, store the bags in a cool, dry place for long-term use.