"Three measures" to improve breeding performance of geese

Strict Selection

In addition to selecting geese based on traditional breeding criteria, it's essential to choose species that produce early spring goslings with desirable traits such as good appearance, strong performance, and consistent breed characteristics. The selection process should also rely on individual and pedigree records, focusing on factors like fertility rates, breeding performance, and offspring growth rates. This is typically done through several stages: primary selection, preselection, final selection, and seeding.

During the hatching of the first batch, 2 to 2.5 times the number of required parents are selected. These geese should exhibit excellent performance, early hatching, high birth weight, strong build, and a pleasing appearance.

At two months of age, during preselection, the number of geese is reduced to 1.5 to 2 times the desired number. A comprehensive evaluation of their physical structure, body shape, constitution, and reproductive organs is conducted to identify the best candidates.

At three months old, the selection is further refined, reducing the number to 1 to 1.5 times the target. Geese that grow faster and perform better are prioritized for retention.

After one laying cycle, the final selection of breeding geese is made based on mating ability, fertilization rate, egg production, egg quality, and consistency in egg size.

Enhanced Feeding Management

Proper nutrition is crucial for geese. Protein requirements must be met, with goslings receiving at least 22% protein in their diet, and those over 20 days old needing no less than 15%. Calcium and phosphorus should be balanced, typically in a ratio of 1:1 to 1.5:1. In daily management, grazing, swimming, feeding, temperature control, and heatstroke prevention are all important. Additional care includes proper group formation, egg-laying monitoring, and maintaining optimal humidity levels.

Forming small groups of 20 to 30 geese helps reduce aggression. Male and female geese should be kept in a ratio of 1:3 to 1:5 for better breeding outcomes.

Monitoring egg production is key. When a female goose shows signs of restlessness, such as crying, looking around, or appearing out of place, she should be checked for early signs of laying.

Maintaining humidity between 50% and 65% ensures a comfortable environment for the geese.

To overcome behavioral resistance, male and female geese should be separated during grazing and breeding periods. They should be moved carefully between cages during day and night to minimize stress.

Feather removal is necessary when egg production declines. Geese are temporarily separated, deprived of food for one day, and water for the next. After washing and drying, 10 ml of white wine is administered. Then, feathers are gently pulled from the neck, chest, abdomen, sides, ribs, legs, shoulders, and back in a specific order. After feather removal, geese should be kept warm and fed well. After 7 to 10 days, they can gradually resume swimming and receive more concentrated feed to prepare for the next breeding season.

Lighting management is also important. Breeding geese should be exposed to 14 to 16 hours of light per day, starting one month before the breeding season. During winter and early spring, 4 hours of additional light is needed, with an intensity of 2 to 3 watts per square meter and a light source placed 1.75 meters above the ground.

Environmental Hygiene

The location of the goose house should be away from noisy areas such as markets, highways, railways, and factories to provide a quiet environment. Access to water is essential, allowing geese to swim and maintain their natural behaviors, which improves productivity. Ample space for exercise helps prevent obesity and supports overall health.

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