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Daily management of sea cucumber breeding technology
The original name of the sea cucumber was "Shali," due to its spiky texture and cucumber-like appearance. It is also commonly referred to as "sea cucumber." This marine creature is highly nutritious and has long been valued as a superfood for health and longevity. Often called the "ginseng of the sea," it is rich in mucins, amino acids, and other beneficial compounds that offer anti-cancer, anti-coagulant, and anti-aging properties, making it a popular choice for those seeking natural wellness solutions.
When it comes to farming sea cucumbers, the pond conditions are crucial. These creatures typically live in shallow waters ranging from 3 to 15 meters deep, preferring calm, algae-rich rocky or hard sediment areas. They are sensitive to low salinity, with the ideal range being 28–38 parts per thousand. Therefore, the pond should be located in a wide, clean sea area with abundant food sources, away from estuaries and pollution. Such conditions promote faster and healthier growth.
Sea cucumbers tend to attach themselves to hard surfaces, so creating an artificial reef environment is essential for successful cultivation. Stones, tiles, and cement blocks are often placed at the bottom of the pond to provide ample surface area for them to cling to. These structures also support the growth of microorganisms and algae, which serve as natural food sources. Among all materials, stone reefs have proven to be the most effective for this purpose.
Once the pond is ready, seedlings are introduced. Selecting high-quality seedlings is critical. Early-hatched eggs tend to be stronger, so it's best to choose seedlings from the first batch. If available, larger seedlings should be selected, and if they're all large, then strong and healthy ones must be chosen. Overstocking can lead to disease and poor growth, so stocking density should be carefully managed. For optimal results, about 2,000 to 6,000 seedlings per 1/15 hectare is recommended. Too many seedlings may result in low survival rates and reduced market value.
Daily management of sea cucumber farming is relatively straightforward. Water changes are important, and a free-nano-tidal system is often used. Water should be changed twice a day, and the amount should be controlled to avoid stress on the animals. Sea cucumbers can tolerate a wide temperature range, from 0°C to 20°C, but when temperatures exceed 28°C, shading and water changes are necessary to cool the environment.
Feeding is simple, as sea cucumbers primarily consume plankton, benthic diatoms, and organic debris found naturally in seawater. During seasons when plankton is scarce, supplemental feeding can be done in moderation. Predators such as Japanese squid and cuttlefish can pose a threat, so regular monitoring and prompt removal are essential for maintaining a healthy population.