Winter leaf mustard cultivation techniques

The Nan'an Advanced Breeding Farm uses the winter free field after harvesting of late rice to grow mustard, and the yield of 5000-8000 kg per 667m2 can not only increase the multiple cropping index of the land, but also increase the income of the farmers and achieve the purpose of increasing efficiency and income. The high yield cultivation techniques are summarized as follows:

1, species selection

Good varieties suitable for local winter planting include Guangdong Chaozhou Mustard, Taiwan Farmers Dasha King, Thai Zhengda Bagel Mustard, Fujian Large Leaf Mustard, Guangxi Guangcai, Guangdong Nanfeng mustard and so on.

2, nursery management

(1) Selection of seedlings

The terrain is high-dry and the soil is fertile, applying 1500kg of manure and urine plus 50kg of superphosphate as base fertilizer per 667m2, plowing the sun, and burning rice straw to disinfect the car. Seeds of 50g per 66.7m2 can be planted for 1334m2 of land. 0.5cm of fine soil after sowing.

(2) sowing time

Nanan City will plant seeds before and after the National Day (ie, August 15th to 20th of the Lunar Calendar), and will be planted in the middle and mid-November.

(3) Dianmiao Dingmiao

When the first true leaf appeared in the seedlings, the first time the seedlings were planted, and the seedless and mutant seedlings were removed. To 2 true leaves when the second seedlings, keep seedlings from the 5cm square. It colonizes 5 to 6 true leaves. If the growth is not good during growth, it is possible to use a small amount of pig manure solution plus a little urea. During the nursery period, it is necessary to prevent locusts, beaks, and underground pests.

3, Daejeon Management

(1) Field preparation

Neutral soil should be selected, with high fertility, convenient drainage and irrigation, and good water source quality for farmland cultivation. After harvesting of the late rice, the basal fertilizer was spread directly on the rice field and the whole plant was planted.

(2) Proper close planting

In mid-November and mid-term, cold head warming time was selected for planting. Deep ditch sorghum, width 1.0m, row spacing 50cm, spacing 50cm, triangular arrangement of good planting holes, planting about 2600 per 667m2. After putting the seedlings into the hole, cover the roots with 667m3 compound fertilizer 15kg plus fire soil and mix well, then cover the soil and press it properly.

(3) Weeding and weeding

Before loosening, loosen the topsoil, eliminate weeds, and ventilate the soil. Pay attention to soil not to bury the cabbage heart. Gully soil should be cleaned up to facilitate drainage and irrigation.

(4) Fertilizer management

Spray water after planting, and then water once in the evening of the next day. Irrigate once every 6-7 days. In the early stage, light irrigation was mainly used to keep the soil wet. In the middle and late periods, the roots are well developed, and it is possible to gradually drench the ditch, but it is advisable to fill it with water. Stop irrigating a week before harvest to facilitate storage and processing.

Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added appropriately to increase disease resistance and increase yield. After colonization and survival, human fecal urine should be applied once. The second topdressing combined with irrigation, each 667m2 compound fertilizer 7.5kg plus urea 2.5kg. The third top dressing was carried out 20 days after the hair tree was applied, and 10 kg of compound fertilizer and 5 kg of urea were applied per 667 m2. The last time the ditch was flooded, 20 kg of urea was applied per 667 m2, plus 12.5 kg of compound fertilizer and 7.5 kg of potassium chloride. In the late stage of growth, the combined spraying spray per barrel of the sprayer adds organic fertilizer rich potassium 1/pocket+nutritive nucleotide 1 packet spray.

(5) Pest control

The main diseases of mustard are soft rot, downy mildew, and anthrax. Soft rot disease at the beginning of the disease with streptomycin 2000 times agricultural streak rooting or spray can be used to kill 500 times; downy mildew control with radomil or metalaxyl; anthrax protection with 800-1000 times the protection of power.

Insect pests mainly include aphids, yellow-flesh crocodile, and cabbage worms. Aphids and yellow stripe hops are treated with 10% Dagongchen 3000x or Anlubao 1500x; the young larvae of cabbage caterpillar are the best time to control the worm, and can be used with 5% Ruijinte 2500x, Sita 1500 times liquid or A. verrui clear 1500 times liquid.

4, timely harvest

High-yielding cultivation During the harvest period from February to March of the following year, mustard is generally harvested before the beginning of flowering, and the quality of harvesting after anthesis declines.

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