Loofah high yield cultivation techniques

(1) Variety: There are many loofah varieties, such as Nanjing Long Loofah, Shanghai Xiang Loofah, Wuhan Baiyu Cream, Zhejiang Green Handle White Belly, Yunnan Horsetail Loofah, and our Changsha loofah, white loofah and other common loofahs. There is also a species of ribbed gourd, which is represented by the green skin loofah and cucurbits planted in the suburbs of Guangzhou, Guangdong. The following highlights the meat loofah and white loofah. 1. Neiguagua: Mainly cultivated varieties in Changsha area, hi-fat, heat-resistant, water-resistant, avoiding drought, wide adaptability, multiple planting techniques, main vine-like melons, melon strips, short but thick, tender meat , strong commodity. A single melon weighing 0.5-0.6 public halls, high yield, about 5000 kg per mu. 2. White gourd: Changsha town, rural areas, main cultivated varieties, hi fertilizer, heat-resistant, waterlogging resistance, suitable for near-water sources of sandy loam or clay loam soil cultivation, strong branching plants, the main, lateral vines melon. The melons are long and thick, yellow and white are not old. Mature melons are soft and tender, sweet and delicious, with a weight of 1 to 1.5 kg and a yield of about 4,000 kg per mu. (B) The main high-yield cultivation techniques Seeding nursery: (1) sowing date: Gregorian calendar in early March to the late spring equinox in late March. (2) Seeding capacity: 200 250 g seeds per mu of field. (3) Seedling finishing: Loofahs are generally cultivated in the field by transplanting seedlings. Before sowing, select a piece of fertile vegetable soil that is leeward sunny, cool, and not made of melons as a seedbed. Dig the soil and level it out. (4) Sowing seedlings: Soak seedlings, soak in warm water at 50°C (open and cool) for 3 hours, remove and dry the surface water, and then sow the seedlings. After seeding every 10m2, sow 250g or less, then cover. A layer of ash that has been mellow and mellow and sieved is finely grounded with soot or soil, and the surface layer is wetted with a watering can, and then a small bow shed is affixed, covered with plastic film to prevent freezing, and when the first true leaf appears in the seedling, the seedling 1 Secondly, remove the old and weak disease hybrids, and appropriate top 10% of the decomposed human fecal urine to promote seedling growth. 2. Field cultivation: (1) Planting the soil: Choose a near-water source, the land is moist, and the former is not a fertile vegetable soil of melons, first dig and turn it over properly, and then reheat the soil. Usually the whole plant is 2.6 meters wide. , Ditch deep 33 cm, and then dug out of the planting hole, each trip 2 lines spacing 1.67 meters, spacing 1 - 1.3 meters, planting 350 points per acre. A 50% concentration of human feces and urine (approximately 1000 g) was applied to each hole. After drying, the seeds were loosened and put into a sieve of old rot or earthworms, and then colonized. Planting time: from the beginning of April to the end of April. Number of plants; 3 seedlings per hole, generally planted into a "shape." (2) Water and fertilizer management: Immediately after planting, “pressing the pocket water” is used to promote survival. After 5-7 days, the loofah seedlings have survived, that is, the topdressing is performed for the first time, and topdressing with about 15% concentration of human fecal urine is performed. , Mushi 750 kg or so. In the future, once every 4-5 days poured a 15-20% of light faecal water to promote the growth of seedlings. At the same time, because the loofah needs a large amount of fertilizer, the topdressing is more diligent, and it is easy to attract loose soil to make the loofah not easy to take root. The Changsha vegetable grower has a method of prevention and treatment of yellow loach, that is, using yellow mud to paste the soil around the loofah vine. The soil is too loose, pay attention to the loofah roots within 5 cm square does not paste, in order to facilitate fertilizer. In the middle period of the growth of loofah, it is necessary to increase the amount of fertilizer, especially during the period of picking, and it is necessary to continuously supply water and fertilizer. Generally, about 30-40% concentration of manure water is used every 7 days or so. When drought occurs, it is necessary to put water to irrigate and water is immediately reclaimed. After 2-3 days of irrigation, apply more than 1000 kg of livestock and manure water at a concentration of 40% per mu to promote the development of rattan leaves. (3) scaffolding, whole vines: loofah sex light and light, Changsha farmers generally take a flat or inclined shed for loofah production. When loofah grows more than 30 centimeters in length, timely scaffolding, first insert a thicker tail bamboo next to each seedling, as a pillar, and then at a height of 2.3 meters above the ground, cross a bamboo raft parallel to the ravioli. Then, one awning bar is placed horizontally over the tail bamboo of each hole to form a rectangular three-dimensional space structure. Finally, every 30 centimeters, a small bamboo culm is placed directly, and the crossings are all tied with plastic ropes to form a shed. The schematic diagram is as follows: After the shed is erected, the shed is introduced. There are two methods. One is the rattan method. One will stretch two rows of vines to each other. The other is the rattan method. All the melon vines are wound on the bamboo tail in a counterclockwise direction, every 15 centimeters. A rope of straw was tied and the rope was stretched moderately. At the same time, the tendrils were wiped off to guide the upper shed. The sheds are separated from each other in the same direction and are not entangled with each other. Rattans are separated by 15 cm. After the vines are sorted every few days, the tendrils, side vines, and male flowers and the poorly grown "phone tube" larvae and rips are removed at any time. Melon, to facilitate the concentration of nutrients, promote melon hypertrophy. (4) Pest control: Powdery mildew disease is a disease of loofah, but it is generally not enough to constitute a hazard. In severe cases, it can be treated with 50% zein zinc 600 times diluted solution. Its pests mainly include tigers and melons. Ground tigers bite off seedlings and cause seedlings. Therefore, at the same time as prevention and treatment, certain seedlings should be prepared to prevent the lack of pockets. Prevention and control methods are mainly based on manual capture, that is, digging at the broken seedlings in the early morning every day, and after being excavated, the larvae of the tigers can be trampled to death. To prevent and control melons, vine leaves can be sprayed with 600-800 times diluted pesticides such as kungfu and methylisoprenophosphate to prevent and treat.

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