Most semiconductor photocatalysts are chalcogenide-based materials, with titanium dioxide (TiOâ‚‚) being one of the most widely studied. These materials possess a unique band structure that differs from metals and insulators, featuring a valence band (VB) and a conduction band (CB), separated by a forbidden energy gap known as the band gap. The relationship between the light absorption threshold and the band gap is described by the equation K = 1240 / Eg(eV), where K represents the wavelength in nanometers and Eg is the band gap energy in electron volts. As a result, most wide-bandgap semiconductors primarily absorb ultraviolet light. When photons with energy greater than the band gap illuminate the semiconductor, electrons in the valence band can be excited to the conduction band, leaving behind positively charged holes. This process generates electron-hole pairs. Once generated, these charge carriers can interact with molecules on the surface of the catalyst. Oxygen molecules adsorbed on the surface capture the electrons, forming superoxide radicals (Oâ‚‚â»), while the holes oxidize hydroxide ions or water molecules, producing hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Both superoxide and hydroxyl radicals are highly reactive species with strong oxidizing power. They can effectively break down organic pollutants into carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) and water (Hâ‚‚O), and in some cases, even decompose inorganic compounds completely. This makes semiconductor photocatalysis a promising technology for environmental remediation and sustainable energy applications. Feed Additive Corngerm Cake,Cheap Corn Germ Meal,Useful Corn Gluten Meals,Corn Gluten Meal Kill Rats JILIN COFCO BIO-CHEM AND BIO-ENERGY MARKETING CO., LTD , https://www.cofco-biotech.com