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Pay attention when duck eggs hatch
Temperature incubation: It's important to note that new and old eggs should be staggered during the process. The internal temperature of the incubator is typically maintained at 37.5°C. However, it's crucial to ensure that the temperature difference between the front, back, top, bottom, and sides of the incubator remains within a range of 0.1°C to 0.2°C. If this variation is too large, the hatching rate can significantly decrease. This method allows for batch operations to be conducted simultaneously across different stages. However, if the temperature, humidity, or ventilation cannot be consistently controlled, this approach should not be used.
Variable temperature hatching is particularly useful when the egg supply is limited. Since duck eggs are relatively large and have a high fat content, they generate metabolic heat after about 13 days of incubation. If the temperature inside the incubator isn't adjusted properly, localized overheating can occur, leading to embryo death. Recommended temperature settings include: 38.3°C on day one, 38.2°C on day two, 38.0°C to 38.1°C on day three, 37.8°C to 37.9°C from day four to thirteen, 37.4°C to 37.6°C from day fourteen to twenty-five, and 37.2°C to 37.3°C from day twenty-six to twenty-eight. When using variable temperature incubation, it's essential to minimize temperature fluctuations and make adjustments quickly and accurately, especially during the first three days.
Humidity levels should be kept between 40% and 70%, with an ideal range of 50% to 70%. During hatching, a humidity level of 65% to 75% is recommended to help ducklings break out of the shell more easily and prevent their down from sticking to the eggshell.
"Egging" — also known as misting or spraying — serves both to ventilate and humidify the environment. The process begins on the 14th day of incubation, with a daily spray of warm water (between 25°C and 30°C) applied to the eggs until day 25. The frequency can be increased to twice a day if needed. This spraying not only helps cool the eggs but also cleans the membrane on the eggshell, improving its permeability and allowing the shell and membrane to contract and expand more effectively. This enhances gas exchange and water metabolism, ultimately improving hatch quality.
The oxygen level in the incubator should not fall below 20%, while carbon dioxide levels should be maintained between 0.3% and 0.6%, with a maximum of 2%.
In the early stages of incubation, the eggs should be turned 8 to 12 times per day, gradually reducing to 6 to 8 times per day later on. Turning should continue until the last three days. Each turn should be at an angle of 110 to 120 degrees to ensure even development of the embryos.