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Sunlight Greenhouse Sweet Pepper "One-sided Down" Falling Mantle Technology
In the cultivation of sweet peppers, the stems are hard and brittle due to high lignification, making them different from crops like tomatoes, cucumbers, or loofahs that can easily fall. Normally, plants grow above the vine wire by late May. However, because their upward growth isn’t naturally supported, they tend to become tangled or bent after that. Even though the plants may appear vigorous with high fruit prices, it’s not advisable to leave fruits for a second harvest. As soon as the first batch is harvested, the fruits must be picked immediately. To address this issue, Shouguang vegetable growers adopted the "one-side down" pruning technique used in greenhouse peach trees, developing a similar method for sweet peppers. This approach has led to significant economic benefits.
**First, Timing of Falling**
The best time to fall the vines is usually around mid-June, depending on the plant's growth. When the growing tip exceeds the vine wire, it’s an ideal time to proceed.
**Second, Techniques for Falling Vines**
Falling vines is typically done twice. The first fall occurs after the third pod is harvested. Before this, larger fruits that haven’t reached marketable size should be picked, and old, yellow, or diseased leaves from the lower part should be removed to reduce nutrient consumption and prevent canopy closure. When falling, first untie the slings on each branch, then gently pull the branches forward (or southward) at a 50-60 degree angle. Start from the southernmost branch, pulling it diagonally so the plant becomes shorter. Then, use a sling to lift the main stem about 20 cm above the leaf stem.
The second fall happens after the fourth pod swells. Loosen the sling, allowing the fruit’s weight to gradually lower the branch to a 30-degree angle with the ground. Then, reattach the fallen vine to the wire. It’s best to perform this in the afternoon on a sunny day when the plant is less moist and more flexible, reducing the risk of damage during the process.
**Third, Field Management After Falling**
After each fall, spray a copper-based fungicide, such as 50% DP wettable powder diluted 500 times, or 47% Homer WP at 600 times, or 27.17% copper noble suspension at 500 times, to prevent bacterial infections through wounds. Continue with regular field management. If the lower leaves become too dense after the second fall, some of the lower leaves can be removed to improve air circulation.
The "one-side down" technique for sweet peppers is simple, practical, and highly effective. Once implemented, it brings substantial economic returns. In the middle and late stages of greenhouse sweet pepper cultivation, this method extends the growth period of plants that would normally be pruned by late June to the end of July, adding about a month to the fruiting season. According to statistics, compared to conventional methods, the average income per plant increases by 2.5 to 3 yuan, translating to an additional 5,000 to 7,000 yuan per acre for bell pepper farming.