Scientists find new methods for studying membrane protein movement

A joint research team of Canadian and American scientists has developed a new method for studying the motion of a single membrane protein using fluorescence spectroscopy. The main function of membrane proteins is to control the ion exchange of cells with their surrounding environment. Experts believe that the research results will help people to enhance their understanding and understanding of ion channels. Related research articles were published in the newly published "National Academy of Sciences".

Ion channels are similar to a small nanomachine or nanovalve. If these tiny valves fail, they will cause various genetic diseases such as human muscles, central nervous system and heart.

Similar to the camera's aperture principle, these membrane proteins control the ion-exchange motion of cells with their surrounding environment through opening and closing actions that contribute to the transmission of electrical signals along our nerve cells. These tiny valves are about one-millionth the size of the pupil of the human eye. The new technology used by Canadian scientists can measure single ion channels and study how information is communicated between different parts of the ion channel.

Professor Ricard from the Department of Physics, University of Montreal, Canada? The Bronx-led joint team studied potassium channel based on four identical subunits that formed tiny pores that could pass through the membrane, opening and closing to open or block Ion conduction.

Scientists used the newly developed fluorescence spectroscopy technology to distinguish four subunits, and for the first time realized the tracking of the movement of four subunits. They found that the four subunit molecules act synergistically, explaining why no intermediate levels were found in the current in electrophysiological experiments. The research results address a long-standing debate in the field: whether a four subunit of potassium ions work independently or synergistically.

Dr. Bronck said the findings helped to increase awareness and understanding of ion channels. The importance of this is that membrane proteins play an important role in humans, and their genetic mutations cause many serious genetic diseases, and they are therefore important drug targets.

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