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Kiwi winter pruning method
Winter pruning of kiwifruit is typically done about 15 days after the leaves have fallen and before the sap starts flowing in early spring. This timing ensures that the plant is dormant, making it easier to shape and manage the structure for optimal growth.
For young plants established in the same year, three short shoots are usually left at the base. From these, the strongest branch is selected as the main trunk, and a light pruning technique is applied to encourage rapid canopy development in the following season. This helps establish a strong, well-balanced framework early on.
After one year of growth, when the tree enters its juvenile stage, it's important to prune aggressively to ensure even distribution of the main vines across the trellis system. While promoting the growth of the main vine, side branches, and their resulting mother vines, this process helps increase fruit production and improve overall yield.
Pruning mature kiwifruit trees should be done lightly, with careful attention to where cuts are made. Usually, each cut leaves 4–5 buds, allowing 2–4 new shoots to grow from them. These shoots are generally used for vegetative growth. For fruiting vines, cutting back 1/3 to 1/2 of their length encourages them to become productive. For longer or medium-length shoots that overlap, they are pruned to 8–10 buds, aiming for 5–6 fruitful buds. Weaker shoots should be cut back to 3–4 buds to maintain balance and health.
Older or weakened trees benefit from a process called dendritic renewal. The specific approach depends on the condition of the branches. It’s best to preserve the vigorous vines growing near the base of the plant and redirect them to stronger areas if needed. If the main fruiting vines become too weak, cutting them back to the base can stimulate the growth of new, healthy shoots from latent buds. This helps rejuvenate the tree and restore its productivity over time.