What are the common pests and diseases of tomatoes? There are many kinds of tomato diseases, which are complicated and changeable, which brings great interference to identification and prevention. Today, Huinong.com has a small vegetable grower who identifies the disease types of tomatoes from the symptoms of their own tomatoes. 1. The whole plant or part is wilting or withered 1. No obvious lesions (1) The vascular bundle tissue at the base of the stem becomes brown, the leaf color becomes light, and it does not change yellow - bacterial wilt (2) Defects in the roots of diseased plants - root knot nematode 2. There are obvious lesions at the base of the stem (1) Surface white scorpion mycelium and rapeseed sclerotia - chalk disease (2) Surface white cotton-like hyphae and black rat-like sclerotia - Sclerotinia (3) The lesion is brown or dark brown, the cortex is rotten (the aboveground dysplasia) - blight 3. The leaves of the diseased plants turn yellow (1) The stem of the diseased stem is hollow, and the vascular bundle does not change color - soft rot (2) The stem vascular bundle tissue becomes brown - Fusarium wilt Second, the incidence of leaves 1. There are black small spots on the lesions (1) The lesion is round, oval or polygonal, brown, with obvious edges and concentric circles - round disease (2) The lesion is round, nearly round, grayish white, slightly concave, dark brown on the periphery, easy to perforate - spot blotch (3) The lesion is round, brown, 1 to 5 mm, with concentric pattern, and the edge is obvious - solid rot 2. There is a mildew on the lesion (1) Producing an off-white to dark brown mold layer on the back of the leaf (the leaf surface is yellowish and the edges are not obvious) - leaf mold (2) Producing a brown velvet mold layer on the back of the leaf (the same leaf surface and leaf mold) - coal mold (3) Producing gray-white powdery mildew on the leaf surface (mycelium and conidia) - powdery mildew 3. The mildew on the lesion is not obvious (1) Producing a white mold layer (spore sac and cyst stalk) at the junction of the lesion, the lesion is dark green, water-soaked, and the edge is not obvious, which can be extended to the whole leaf - late blight (2) Irregular, dark brown, with concentric pattern, surrounded by a yellow halo, black matte layer (conidia) on the surface when wet - early blight (3) The lesions are nearly round or elliptical, taupe, varying in size, and the middle part of the lesion is thin and shiny, and the mildew is grayish yellow to dark brown (conidia) - brown spot disease (4) long oval or irregular, slightly concave, grayish white or taupe, very thin, easy to perforate - leaf spot 4. No mildew or black small spots on the lesion Nearly round or irregular, light brown or brown, with obvious edges, a yellow halo around, thin inside, oily luster - scab Third, stem disease Spot lesion (1) Strips, brown, long and small, different in size (pete, same handle) - streak disease (2) The lesion is oval or irregular, brown to dark brown, with or without concentric pattern - early blight (3) The lesions are irregular, initially water-soaked, and then brown (leaf fading, wilting) - bacterial wilt (4) The lesions are dark brown, irregular in shape, slightly concave, and the white fungus on the edge is obvious - late blight 2. No lesions occur The stem is hollow and stinks (the upper end of the diseased stem turns yellow to dead) - soft rot Fourth, prevention measures Brown spot disease: Because of the sudden onset of the disease, it is recommended to use 25% Amishida suspension 1500 times solution for better prevention. It can also be used in the early stage of the disease, 75% Dakening WP 600 times solution, or 77% can kill 500 times solution, or 50% carbendazim WP 800 to 1 000 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil 600 to 800 times liquid and other sprays. Generally, it is sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and continuously sprayed 2 to 3 times. Black spot: Spray from the green fruit period. 80% mancozeb wettable powder 600 times solution. Or 50% iprodione wettable powder 1000-1500 times liquid, no shed in the shed air with 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 200g. Acid rot: spray 30% green in the early stage of the disease to prevent suspension agent 400 ~ 500 times liquid or 50% succinic acid copper WP WP 500 times, 27% copper high suspension 600 times liquid, 53.8% can kill 2000 Dry suspension 1000 times solution, 70% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times solution, once every 10 days or so, control 1 or 2 times. The medication was stopped 3 days before harvesting. Umbilical rot: (1) Apply the base fertilizer when the ground level is connected, and use the decomposed organic fertilizer to add phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the base fertilizer of the tomato. For example, use the calcium and potassium sulfate or the compound fertilizer with medium nitrogen and medium phosphorus and potassium to make the base fertilizer. (2) Watering at the right time to avoid the wetness when the soil is dry, especially not to make the soil excessively dry. The first water is poured at the time of planting, and the second water is poured at the beginning of the flower, and the amount of water cannot be too large. After the third inflorescence is finished, the first ear is like the size of an egg, then the water is poured. Maintain the soil moist, summer irrigation should be carried out in the early morning or dusk, pay attention to do the pouring, shallow pouring. (3) Take the foliar and root phase connection method to supplement calcium. The root is applied with calcium fertilizer. The tomato is the key period for absorbing calcium within 30 days after fruit setting. Therefore, spray 1% calcium superphosphate or 0.1% calcium chloride or calcium compound fertilizer from the beginning of the initial flowering stage, spray 15 days later. 1 time, continue spraying 2-3 times. Identification of Common Diseases in Tomatoes Today, we have said that the above-mentioned resolution methods can basically help farmers to identify which diseases their tomatoes have. What we want to emphasize here is that the prevention and treatment measures are not written for each disease because of the length of the problem. If you want to know other things, you can continue to pay attention to Hui Nong! Automatic Massage Foot Bath Machine
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