I. Selection of disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties 1, cultivate strong seedlings Fine management, to stay strong, to survive strong. 2, make a good disinfection (1) Seed disinfection 1. Shaizhong. Sowing before sowing 2 to 3 days, can kill some bacteria. 2. Warm soup soaking. Wash the seeds with clean water, soak them in hot water of 55°C with 3 times the amount of seeds (that is, three open and one cool), quickly stir until the water temperature is 30°C, stop, soak for 12 hours, and sow germination. 3. Seed soaking. Soak the seed in clean water of 15～20°C for 15-20 minutes, remove the seed, and then dip for 4 hours, remove and dry the surface moisture, soak it with 1% copper sulfate solution for 15 minutes, remove and wash it repeatedly 5-6 Second, germination sowing. (2) bed soil disinfection 1. Water the formalin (formaldehyde) diluent. Two weeks before sowing, the bed soil was loosened and then watered. Formaldehyde per square meter with 450 ml, add water, 18 to 36 kg (depending on the bed dry and wet conditions). 2. Cultivation of seedlings medicine soil. Apply 250 g per cubic meter of fine soil and mix thoroughly. 1/3 bed surface, 2/3 cover the seeds. (1) Symptoms: Dwarfed plants, dark green leaves, shrunken, fern leaves, or yellowish veins of leaf veins; fruit with brownish brown spots. It is the main cause of three falls (falling, falling, falling leaves). (2) Prevention and control: Must pay attention to locust prevention in the whole growth period. Before the onset of disease, use 20% virus A500 to 700 times liquid, or 1.5% plant disease Ling 1000 times spray seedlings, autumn and winter peppers also pay special attention to shade rain and early irrigation cooling. In the early stage of onset, 10 kg of potassium permanganate, 30-50 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 100 g of vinegar, 50 g of urea, and 50 g of brown sugar can be added to 10 kg of water. 7 to 10 days spray 1 time, even spray 3 times. 2. Verticillium wilt (1) Symptoms: It is a serious disease that harms the greenhouse. The bacteria invade from the root wound in the soil. Half of the leaves of the plants wilted during noondays and gradually turned yellow. There are also wilted yellow plants and died, brown vascular bundles. (2) Control: Use 50% carbendazim 1.5 kg per acre, and apply 1:50 to compost acupuncture points when planting. After easing, use 50% thiophanate 500 times solution, add 50% carbendazim 800 times solution to mix roots, or use 50% ceric chloride 500 times solution to spray copper; or increase the efficiency of double effect 300 times solution to irrigate root . 0.3 kg per strain, every 10 days irrigation, continuous irrigation 2 or 3 times. 3, the disease (1) Symptoms: In the onset of seedlings, dark green soft rot and seedling lodging appear at the base of the stem. Leaf lesions are dark green, diseased, healthy and distinctly demarcated and spread rapidly. When the humidity is high, mildew can be seen in the diseased area. The diseased leaves turned brown after drying. The fruit lesions were dark green and immersed in water and soft rot. After drying, they turned brown and shrivelled. When wet, there are dense greenish molds on the diseased fruit. 30 °C high temperature and high humidity prone to disease. (2) Prevention and control: After planting the seedlings, 2 times of 1:1:240-fold Bordeaux mixture is used. Each time the spray is applied, the spray is applied to the back of the leaves and the stems, and the drug is allowed to flow into the roots, and all bare ground between the plants is sprayed. At the beginning of the disease, 50% metalaxyl Mn-Zn can be used 400 times; or 50% tresodesus can be 500 times; or 60% can be used as 400 times. Spray once every 7-10 days for 2 or 3 consecutive times. Anthrax (1) Symptoms: The surface of the fruit is immersed in yellowish-brown lesions and grows in a garden-like or irregular shape with depressions. There are slightly raised concentric rings and the lesions are red-brown on the edges. When it is wet, light red viscous material develops on the lesions. When dry, the lesions often shrink and become membranous. rupture. (2) Control: Spray before or at the beginning of the disease: 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture. Or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times. Or 50% anthrasite magnesium 300 ~ 400 times liquid. Or 65% zein zinc 400 times. Or 70% thiophanate-methyl 400 times. Or 50% carbendazim 400 times. The above-mentioned agents are used alternately and sprayed once every 7-10 days for 2 or 3 consecutive times. Apply smoke and dust as much as possible. 5, gray mold (1) Symptoms: When the apex of the cotyledon begins to yellow, it spreads to the young stem, which contracts and folds. In the early stages of the stem, water stains were irregularly spotted, and then turned brown to off-white. When the lesions spread around the stems one week later, the upper branches and leaves wilted and died, and the diseased surface had gray moldy textures when wet. After the fruit was damaged, the diseased part turned to grayish white and soft rot. In the later period, gray moldy material grew on the fruit, receptacle, and pedicel of the damaged fruit. (2) Prevention and control: When spring peppers are sown with flowers or sprayed with auxin, 1 gram per kg of somatotropin solution is added to perkalin. In the early stage of disease, Nongli Ling, or Sikroning, or Pentocyanine are all 1000 times liquid and the fruit is sprayed heavily. 7 to 10 days spray 1, even spray 2 or 3 times. 6, cotton blight (1) Symptoms: The main damage to the fruit. At the beginning of the disease, water spots appear on the fruit surface and gradually expand, and finally spread throughout the whole fruit. The disease department is slightly depressed, yellow-brown to dark brown. At high humidity, the diseased area produces a dense white cotton floc. (2) Prevention: 50 kg of water can be used to add 250 grams of zinc sulfate + 250 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 150 grams of urea + 125 grams of plant cytokinin + 150 grams of 50% copper citrate copper, with the spray can not be overnight. 7, locusts (1) Diseases: Aphids, also known as honeyworms, worms, etc., belong to the order Homoptera, which is a pest that sucks and sucks mouthparts, and often clusters on leaves, tender stems, buds, apical buds and other parts to suck juice. The leaves are crumpled, curled, and deformed, and when they are severe, the branches and leaves are wilted and the entire plant is dead. (2) Prevention and control: 1 Yellow plate trapping and killing: yellowish characteristics of insects can be used to set yellow plates to trap aphids and concentrate killing. 2 Chemical control: Use 5% synergistic anti-Xinwei liquid agent 2000 times, 40% Kefu floating oil 800 times, 2.5% Kung Fu EC 2000 times, 35% ovine net EC 1000 ~ 1500 times, 20% good winter 800 times of EC and 40% of Dimethoate 1000-1500 times. Fiber Optic Laryngoscope,Fiber Optic Laryngoscope Use,Flexible Video Bronchoscope,Portable Flexible Endoscope Jiangsu Yongle Medical Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.jsylmedical.com
Do a good job in the purification and rejuvenation of conventional varieties and the cultivation of new varieties, and select good varieties of disease-resistant insects to collect seeds from disease-free and robust strains.
Second, scientific planting, rational fertilization
The plots for planting peppers should be best crop rotation with cruciferous vegetables, or early water rotation, use sunburn, frozen mash, sprinkle lime (50kg/mu) and other methods to kill germs, adopt deep ridge high ridge cultivation, timely after rain Drainage, loose soil, increase soil permeability. According to field investigations, it was shown that the fertilization was reasonable, and the incidence of low-growth fields with strong pepper growth was low. Before the planting, 50 kg of vegetable cake was fully cooked per acre, 2000 kg of livestock and poultry were excreted, and the results were initially diluted manure, and phosphorus and potassium were added after fruiting. And with a small amount of boron and zinc fertilizer, as little as possible of nitrogen fertilizer, during the flowering results with 500 times the Brassica solution 0.1% of the zinc sulfate leaf spray 2-4 times, can promote robust growth of plants, prevent disease and prevent decay.
Third, pepper pest control
1, virus disease