Factors affecting the initial age of gilts

1. Heritability: Heritability is relatively high (35-50%), and gilts are not selected for those mothers who have had a late puberty;

2. Ammonia levels: Studies have shown that high concentrations of ammonia (20-35ppm) will postpone estrus, so should reduce the concentration of ammonia in the homes;

3. Temperature: 29 °C or more will affect the performance of estrus and reduce ovulation rate;

4. Turning and synchronizing: Turning or merging gilts can help estrus;

5. Sunshine time: The length of sunshine hours has a positive or negative effect on heat;

Contact with boars: The most effective method of stimulating estrus in sows is to make nose-nose contact with a boar that is sexually active.

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