The mushroom mosquito that injure Pleurotus eryngii is mainly yellow-foot mushroom mosquito. This kind of mushroom mosquito has the widest range of distribution and is of great concern. Mushroom farmers should pay attention to identification and prevention.
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First, the morphological characteristics
1. Adults. Female adults were 2.76-2.83 mm in length, 4.21-4.32 mm in wingspan, 2.02-2.06 mm in males, and 3.17-3.2 mm in wingspan. Body black and thin, yellow foot.
2. Eggs. The freshly laid eggs are yellow-green, translucent, oval, 240 microns long and 156 microns wide.
3. Larvae. Cocoon shape, no foot. The newly hatched larvae are white in colour, black on the head and body-filamentous; the mature larvae are 6-8 mm long, have a milky white body and black heads, and have a harder shell.
4. Hey. From the pupa, yellow brown, darker belly.
Second, living habits and damage symptoms
When the average daily temperature is 18°C-22°C, the adult period is 1.5-2 days, the egg period is 6-7 days, the larval period is 12-13 days, and 4-5 days. Adults fly immediately after emergence, and soon they can spawn. Adults have a strong phototaxis. It has tropism (decaying) on ​​rotten and fermented taste.
Due to the fact that Pleurotus eryngii has a more dispersed fruiting period and a longer ripening time, Mushroom mosquitoes can easily fly from the breach or bag mouth to the spawning material surface to spawn eggs, causing Pleurotus eryngii mycelium to be sucked by mushroom mosquitoes. During the fruiting stage, the larvae drilled and bred the mushroom body, which caused the quality of the mushroom body to decline, and the mushroom body was softly rotted when it was severe.
III. Control techniques
1. Enhanced ventilation and light transmission. In high-temperature, high-humidity environment, mushrooms and mosquitoes tend to breed. By improving the air and light conditions in the cultivation area, the occurrence of mushroom mosquitoes can be effectively reduced.
2. Pay attention to environmental hygiene. Mushroom mosquitoes can live in the waste and residual materials of mushroom house cultivation sites. By cleaning up the residue around the mushroom house, it can be cleaned and the source of insects can be reduced.
3. Drug control. The use of 80% dichlorvos 800-1000 times spray, can also be controlled using spray 3000-4000 times fenvalerate emulsion. Pay attention to spraying space when spraying, avoid spraying on the mushroom body, in order to prevent the mushroom body from producing phytotoxicity and soft rot.
4. Do a good job of mushroom house disinfection. Before the cultivation, the cultivation room and the cultivation rack are cleaned, and then the gaps and holes of the doors, windows, walls, and roofs are repaired and adhered tightly, and then fumigated with insecticides. Commonly used agents and dosages are as follows: Aluminum phosphide is 10 grams per cubic meter of space and closed fumigation for 72-96 hours. Use an 80% solution of 80% dichlorvos to spray evenly on the inside and outside of the mushroom house and on the culture rack, and seal it for 24-36 hours. Mushroom house doors, windows, ventilation holes installed screens to prevent adults fly into.
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