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Benefits of planting milk cucumber
Milk cucumber, also known as "mini" or "fruit" cucumber, is a small variety of cucumber that can be eaten raw or cooked. It's also widely used in processing and pickling. On average, farmers can expect a yield of 3,000 to 4,000 kilograms per mu, with an output value reaching up to 2,000 yuan.
When selecting varieties, local options from Jiangsu are highly recommended due to their resilience to high temperatures. These varieties remain productive even at 30°C, allowing harvesting to continue until late August. Other suitable varieties include Fengyan, Xiuyan, Chunyan, Xiyan, and Miyan, which are available through farmers' companies in Taiwan. For late planting, heat-resistant types like Daiduoxing are ideal.
For timely sowing, summer planting should begin around early May, with harvests expected by mid-July. Seedlings play a crucial role in achieving high yields. The seedbed soil should be loose, fertile, and free from previous melon crops. Each mu of farmland requires about 0.05 mu for the seedbed, along with 150 grams of seeds, 50–100 kg of composted manure, and 2.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer. A layer of carbofuran can be sprinkled on the bed to prevent underground pests. After preparing the bed, seeds are sown in rows spaced 1.3 meters apart. After sowing, a thin layer of fine soil is added, ensuring the seeds are not exposed. Alternatively, nutrient pots of 8 cm diameter can be used, filled with pre-prepared nutrient soil and covered with a thin layer of soil. A mulch is placed over the pots, followed by a small shed and straw to keep the area warm at night. Seedlings typically emerge within 6–7 days, and once 70% have sprouted, the mulch is removed for ventilation.
Transplanting should take place on sunny days after the land has been prepared with 1,000 kg of decomposed manure. Nutrient seedlings are transplanted 10–15 days after germination, when the cotyledons have flattened. One day before transplanting, the seedlings should be soaked in diluted manure. After the leaves dry, a solution of 600–800 times zein Zn is sprayed to provide nutrients and protect against diseases. Transplanting should be done carefully to avoid damaging the roots. The planting density is approximately 4,000 plants per mu, with two rows per 1.4-meter width, spaced 60–75 cm apart, and 20–26 cm between plants.
Vine management is essential for maximizing yield. When the vines start to spread, a "person"-shaped trellis should be set up, about 2 meters high. Vines should be tied and straightened regularly. Main vines should be trained to grow to about 1.6 meters to encourage lateral growth, which can increase yield significantly. Lateral vines should be topped after leaving 2–3 leaves at the base.
Weeding and fertilization are important during the early growth stage. Weeds should be removed promptly to reduce competition and promote root development. Fertilization should follow a "pre-control, post-promotion" strategy—avoid heavy topdressing before the vines start growing, unless the plants are weak. After the vines spread, apply 50–100 kg of cake fertilizer and 30 kg of potash per acre, either by digging trenches or making holes. After the first harvest, apply 20 kg of urea as a post-harvest fertilizer, gradually increasing the amount every 10 days.
Disease and pest control are critical. Downy mildew is a common issue, and it can be managed by spraying 40% diethylaluminophosphate at 250 times dilution or 60% mancozeb at 600 times dilution. Apply these treatments every other week for 2–3 times. In mid-to-late season, locusts may become a problem, and they can be controlled using 100% osmotic net at 2,500–3,000 times dilution.
Harvesting should occur 6–10 days after female flowers open, when the fruit reaches 12 cm in length and 2.0–2.5 cm in diameter, with a 1 cm stalk left. Pickled cucumbers can be harvested one week after flowering, with a standard of 44–46 per kilogram. Individual fruits should be 10 cm long and 2 cm wide. Harvesting should begin 3–4 days before the main picking period. As temperatures rise, the maturation time shortens, and harvesting frequency increases, especially during peak periods, with multiple harvests per day.