Phnom Penh Pineapple
Family: Bromeliaceae is a genus that includes the pineapple, known for its unique and striking appearance.
Origin: Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, this plant has been cultivated and admired for centuries due to its beauty and utility.
Morphological Characteristics:
The Phnom Penh pineapple typically has 20 to 25 leaves arranged in a rosette pattern, spiraling from the outside toward the center. The leaves are thick, stiff, and glossy, with a sword-like shape that curls outward. The upper surface of the leaves is dark green with yellowish-green edges, while some have subtle yellow and green stripes running through them. Along the leaf margins, there are small, blunt thorns for protection. The underside of the leaves is a pinkish green, matching the color of the outer layer of the leaves.
Flowering Periods:
There are two main periods for viewing the flowers of the Phnom Penh bromeliad:
1. Flower Bud Viewing Period:
The flower buds of the Phnom Penh pineapple are unique and visually appealing. A cylindrical structure about 2.5 cm in diameter forms above the base, topped with a rounded calyx. Approximately 25 to 30 pods, resembling potato chips, are stacked from the bottom up, forming a dark pink or pink cylinder that looks like a red bamboo shoot embedded within the plant. This stage can last about two weeks, during which time the buds gradually develop. Moving the plant indoors to a shaded area can extend the ornamental period of the buds, allowing for about three weeks of visual enjoyment.
2. Full Bloom Viewing Period:
Once the flower buds (or bulbs) open, straight stems emerge. The flowers themselves form an umbrella-like cluster of 16 small blooms. Each flower has three lobes—yellow at the base, red in the middle, and purple at the top. The flowering season occurs in spring and summer, but the foliage remains attractive throughout the year, making it a top choice for ornamental leaf display.
Growth Habits:
The Phnom Penh pineapple prefers slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. The growing medium should be well-draining, with good water retention. A common mix includes peat soil, sawdust, and coco peat in a ratio of 6:3:1, or you can use a combination of mud or coconut coir for similar results. Water quality is crucial; if the pH exceeds 7, the plant may suffer from nutrient deficiencies, leading to dull leaves, scale infestations, and even heart or root rot.
Tap water often contains high levels of sodium and chlorine, so it's best to avoid using it directly. Groundwater or river water may vary depending on the region, so it’s advisable to test the water quality before use. Rainwater is the most suitable option for irrigation.
During summer and autumn, watering once a week is usually sufficient. Foliar misting helps maintain humidity, and keeping the central cup filled with water is important. Be cautious with water temperature during hot midday hours.
In other seasons, reduce watering frequency to prevent root rot caused by over-saturation. In winter, limit misting, while increasing it during spring and fall to support healthy growth.
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