First, the virus disease. Symptoms of the disease: The disease is susceptible to disease during the seedling stage and the entrapment period of cabbage in summer. It is most susceptible to disease before cabbage seedlings grow 6 to 7 leaves. The initial stage of leaf impregnation showed yellow and green lesions, and the leaves curled and shrunk. Brown necrotic spots or striae appeared on the veins. Incidence of early onset of the heart is not true; the late onset of the slow growth, the ball leaves are not flat, covered with ash brown necrotic small spots, loss of food value. Control methods: (1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties. Such as Japan Xiayang 50, heat 46, You Xia Wang, Yuyuan 50, Xia You 1, and so on. (2) Suitable sowing. Summer cabbage should be sown 3–5 days before and after the summer solstice. (3) timely control of aphids and whitefly. Can use 10% Dagong Chen WP 1000 times or 50% Tuope mist wettable powder 4000 times liquid spray pest control. (4) Chemical control. In the early stage of disease, combined with control of aphids and planthoppers, timely spraying 20% ​​virus-clearable wettable powder 500 times solution, 1.5% plant disease-damage emulsion 1000 times solution, or 5% contaminating water solution 200-300 times solution every 5 to 7 days Spray 1 time, spray 2 or 3 times. Second, downy mildew. Symptoms: The disease mainly damages the leaves of plants. When the summer rain and rain increase, the number of diseased plants will increase rapidly, and the condition will gradually increase from light to light. After the seedlings became infected, a layer of white frost fungus appeared on the back of the leaves. In the case of adult plants, the leaves were immersed in water on the back, accompanied by a layer of white mold. The front of the leaves appeared a pale greenish-green spot, which was light brown after expansion. The leaves became yellowish and dry when the disease became severe. Most of the affected leaves develop from the outer leaves of the plants to the inner leaves, and the victims suffer from serious damage. Control methods: (1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties. (2) Suitable sowing. (3) Chemical control. After the diseased plants were found, they were sprayed with 72% Kelu wettable powder 600-800 times, or 64% antivirus WP wettable powder 500 times, sprayed 2 or 3 times, sprayed once every 7 days, before harvesting. Weekly stop medication. Third, soft rot. Symptoms: Soft rot usually occurs during the summer cabbage cabbage. At the onset of the disease, the outer leaves were drooping and the leaves were bare. In the late stage of disease, the bulbous part of the leaf stem turns brown and rot and stinks, and it is easy to take off. In severe cases, the whole plant will die. Control methods: (1) Improve cultivation methods and strengthen field management. The cultivars were changed to flat ridges and low rakes for ridge cultivation. The diseased plants were found to be removed in a timely manner, and carbendazim or quicklime was applied around the diseased plants to prevent the spread of germs. (2) Chemical control. In the early stage of disease, 72% of streptomycin WP wettable powder 3000 times, 1 million units of neomycinectin 4000 times liquid, or 25% chlorophyllin wettable powder 800 times spray, every 666.7 square meters (1 acre) Use liquid medicine 50 kg. Can also be used every 666.7 square meters Feng Ling 150 to 250 grams, add water 50 kilograms, along the cabbage root into the base or spray. Fourth, dry disease. Symptoms: The dry heart of Chinese cabbage is also called "skin rot." It is a physiological disease that mainly occurs on the heart. More than the incidence of rosette or bald heart. At the beginning of the disease, the young leaves of the inner leaves showed a greenish yellowish color in the front of the leaves, gradually deepened, and finally turned into dark brown dry paper; when they were severe, they could not form leafballs, and they were stinky in the case of rain and heart leaf rot. Those who are mildly ill can pack their hearts and look normal, so they are also known as "skin rot." Control methods: (1) Strengthen field management. Seedlings are cultivated in time to promote root development. During the growing season, it should be flooded with fertilizer and water, and it must be promoted in the end to prevent drought and lack of water in the cabbage seedling stage and the rosette stage. (2) Rational fertilization. The base fertilizer should be dominated by organic fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added during the period of core-life. (3) Direct calcium supplementation. Spraying calcium naphthalene alcohol mixture (containing 5 grams of calcium chloride, 50 milligrams of naphthalene acetic acid, 0.5 milligrams of triacontanol per kilogram) from the beginning of the lotus to the end of the ball, 50 to 75 kilograms per 666.7 square meters, spraying every 10 days. Times, spray 2 or 3 times.
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Summer cabbage cultivation management technology
Due to the influence of bad weather such as high temperature and drought or heavy rain, the virus, downy mildew, soft rot, and severe dry heart disease are very likely to occur in cultivation of cabbages in summer. Due to the rapid onset of disease and the heavy damage, the disease must be strictly managed during the growth of Chinese cabbage, and the disease should be detected and prevented in time to avoid serious losses.