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High-yielding cultivation techniques for vegetables and green beans
Green beans are the type of round pods in kidney beans. They are vine and dwarf. They are rich in sugar, protein and fat and have high nutritional value. In recent years, with the development of earning foreign vegetables, the green beans have become one of the important export-oriented vegetable varieties in Yantai. 1. Variety Selection The green concanavalin varieties suitable for processing and export should be selected for flowering, knotting and English concentrating. The tender English is round and straight, the crude fiber content is low, the pod length is 12 to 15 centimeters, and the coriander diameter is about 0.5 centimeters. Heat resistant varieties. At present, there are "1006" and "suppliers" dwarf varieties and "93-8" sprawl varieties in Yantai City. Second, the soil fertility cultivation of green beans should choose a deep soil, good ventilation, loose and fertile soil, do not use the continuous crop of bean crops, the implementation of 3 to 4 years of rotation. Before planting, the soil should be deeply plowed. Before the site preparation, 667 m2 of high-quality farmyard fertilizer should be used for 2,500-3,000 kilograms, superphosphate 20-25 kilograms, ammonium sulfate 10-15 kilograms, and potassium chloride 15-20 kilograms. Third, seeding and dwarf green beans can be sowed in spring, but also in autumn, mainly in spring sowing, the spring sowing of the same species more than 12% higher than the autumn sowing. When planting seeds, new seeds should be selected, which are full-grown, full, and free of pests. Many live seeds can also be seeded and transplanted. Planting densities, vines with row spacing 55 to 60 cm 30 to 40 cm, about 2 3500 holes per 667 m, sowing 2 to 3 seeds per hole; dwarfing species spacing 40 cm to 30 cm, 2 5000 points per 667 m about. Planting time, spring for 5 centimeters of the ground temperature stable above 12 °C can be sowed, Yantai region generally in late March - late April, the use of mulching can be cultivated 5 to 10 days earlier sowing. Autumn crops are usually sown in late June and early August, and they can be covered with shade nets about 10 days after sowing. Fourth, fertilizer and water operations Green beans need suitable air humidity and soil moisture throughout the growth period. Seedlings are generally more tolerant to drought and can be watered 1 to 2 times as appropriate. After the seedlings are flushed, nitrogen can be traced once with water, and 10 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667m2 can be used to promote plant growth and flower bud differentiation. When creeping varieties are thrown, they should be inserted in time. The flowering and wetting season should ensure the supply of fertilizer and water, usually watering once every 3 to 5 days to keep the soil moist, top dressing 2 to 3 times with watering, applying 2,000 to 2000 kg of urine per person at 667 m 2 , or ammonium sulfate 20 to 30 kilograms. Foliage dressing 2 to 3 times, every 5 to 7 days, each time spraying 0.3% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or 2% superphosphate solution, preferably 3 Fertilizers are used alternately. The foliar dressing has the effect of reducing the number of falling flowers and falling leaves and increasing the weight of the late stage. V. Timely receipt According to observation, during the development of the green bean pods, the fruit pods first expanded. When the pods were 12 to 15 cm long, the seeds began to swell, and timely harvesting was required. When harvesting is late, the nutrient quickly concentrates on the seed, which affects the growth of the young quail. Simultaneously, the nutrients obtained by the English skin decrease, the cellulose increases, and the quality declines. Generally 667 m2 produce more than 1500 kg of tender larvae. 6. Diseases and Insect Pest Control The main diseases of green beans include anthrax, bacterial diseases, and rust. The control method is: selecting disease-free seeds, disinfecting seeds when sowing, and implementing crop rotation; chemical control, anthrax can be controlled with 75% chlorothalonil WP and 600-800 times; bacterial disease with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate or Neophytin 4000 times liquid prevention. Rust can be controlled with 25% triadimefon 2000 times liquid. Insect pests are mainly flies, and larvae damage the leaves and primary roots. It is possible to use 40% dimethoate emulsion 15000 times to root control.