Euonymus fortunei
Euonymus fortunei, commonly known as Chinese spindle or mosaic euonymus, is an evergreen vine belonging to the family Celastraceae. It features creeping stems and strong roots, making it ideal for ground cover. The leaves are opposite, ovoid in shape, and display a striking pale yellow to golden hue. The plant produces small, axillary cymes with white-green flowers that bloom between May and June. Its fruits are bright yellow or red, ripening from September to October.
This species is a variant of Euonymus formosanus and thrives in warm, humid environments. It is also highly shade-tolerant, making it suitable for various garden conditions. The ideal temperature range for growth is 15°C to 25°C. It prefers well-drained, loose, and fertile sandy loam soil. Propagation can be done through seeds, cuttings, or layering.
When collecting seeds, it's important to harvest them promptly after they mature. After drying, remove any impurities and store the seeds in a refrigerator or freezer at 0°C to 5°C to ensure long-term viability. Sowing is best done in spring, either by broadcasting or direct sowing. Seedlings can be transplanted once they reach a height of 8 to 10 cm.
For cuttings, spring and autumn are the best times. Use fine sand as a propagation medium, keep it consistently moist, and expect rooting to occur between February and March. Layering can be performed at any time of the year. Simply cut a side shoot, remove a small portion of the bark, and bury it in the soil. Once rooted, the new plant can be separated and planted independently.
During the seedling stage, apply a diluted organic fertilizer every two weeks. Options include composted manure, chicken litter, or balanced compound fertilizers. Be sure to water immediately after fertilizing to prevent root burn. This plant is not only ornamental but also functional—its dense foliage helps suppress weeds, control erosion, and reduce dust in the environment. When grown in pots, it adds a lively touch to windowsills or hanging baskets, enhancing the aesthetic appeal of any space.
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