Chinese herbal medicine feed additive standard

As a feed additive, Chinese herbal medicine has been known to promote animal digestion and absorption, improve feed conversion and production performance, prevent and treat disease, improve animal health, and regulate non-specific immune functions of the body. It has been confirmed by many scholars. For this reason, research on the use of Chinese herbal medicine as a feed additive has been greatly improved and developed with the accumulation of experience. However, there are still many problems and constraints that need to be studied and solved. This article gives an overview of the production and application of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives and the constraining factors in feed safety.

1 Measure standards for feed safety Assess whether the performance or composition of a feed is safe, and whether it will cause harm to the health and productivity of the animals that are raised; whether it will cause residue, accumulation or transfer in animal products and endanger human health; It will pollute the environment through the excretion of animals. There are many factors that affect feed safety, mainly in the following aspects:

(1) Natural toxic and harmful substances in feeds, such as cyanogenic glucosides, tannins, protease inhibitors, phytic acid and toxic nitro compounds in animal feed, and ammonia, anti-sulfur and anti-sulfur in animal feed. Biotin and other factors affect feed safety when the formulation is unreasonable or improperly processed, which endangers the health of the carcass; (2) Biological contamination of the feed. Refers to contamination caused by microorganisms, including bacteria, molds, viruses, toxoplasma, etc., in feed. Pathogens can enter the digestive tract directly, cause gastrointestinal infections, and develop infectious-type toxic diseases. (3) Non-biological contamination of feed. A variety of chemical substances such as toxic heavy metals and non-metals, some organic or inorganic compounds can contaminate the feed, seriously affecting the safety of feed; (4) the use of illicit drugs. Such as hydrochloric acid and so on.

2 principles of composition of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives Chinese herbal medicine feed additives can be single-taste Chinese medicine, but most of them are compounded by several drugs. The principle of composition of compound additives has its own characteristics in addition to the compatibility rules of Chinese and veterinary prescriptions.

2.1 The basic principle of the legal system is the law. That is, according to the rules of its application. The current research and application of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives, the main legislation of the spleen and appetizers, adjust the yin and yang, nourishing qi and blood, ward off evil and other diseases.

2.2 Stretching and avoiding weaknesses Chinese herbal medicines are mainly natural products. Relative to chemical drugs, Chinese herbal medicines have experience advantages, dialectical advantages, and harmless advantages as a mixed feed additive or feed additive. The advantage of experience is that Chinese herbal medicine has a long history and rich experience in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, and it contains many potential scientific information. Dialectic advantage refers to the advantage of syndrome differentiation and treatment, that is, the method of prevention and treatment based on the syndrome of the epidemic, which is mainly reflected in both strengthening the foundation and coordinating the whole. The harmless advantage refers to the fact that Chinese herbal medicine has small toxic and side effects, and it is not easy to form harmful residues in food and animal products.

2.3 The integration of China and the West includes two aspects. The first is to refer to the traditional Chinese medicine and modern western medicine theory legislation group. The second is that in a prescription, there are both traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. The combination of Chinese medicine and western medicine is used together to improve or enhance certain functions of the prescription.

2.4 Because of livestock and animal species due to the different types of animals, their physiological characteristics, production performance differences in the use of drug formulations should be different to meet the needs of different livestock and poultry varieties.

3 Application effect of Chinese herbal medicine feed additive The Chinese herbal medicine additive is a complex organism. It has a variety of ingredients, plus reasonable compatibility and proper processing, forming a unique role in overall harmonization.

3.1 Chinese herbal medicine feed additives have the function of enhancing immunity. The animal's immune ability is the ability of the body to resist and remove microorganisms and harmful substances in order to maintain and restore normal physiological functions. Chinese herbal nourishing and strong drugs and some ecstasy drugs have a role in promoting low-grade immune response, can enhance the immune system function, enhance immunity, and make it possible to achieve favorable health development and achieve yin-yang balance through the overall regulation of animal organisms. And other effects. And natural plants are rich in biologically active substances, which can regulate the ability of the body's internal antibodies to prevent diseases.

3.2 Chinese herbal feed additives have a hormone-like effect and can reduce or prevent and eliminate the toxic and side effects of exogenous hormones. Studies have shown that the Chinese herb additives in the epimedium and psoralen have estrogen-like effects and regulate the hypothalamus. - pituitary - gonadal axis, so that the secretion of plasma LH and E2 plus, - ovarian function enhancement.

3.3 Chinese herbal medicine feed additives have antibiotic-like effects. Some Chinese herbal medicines have a wide range of antibacterial effects, and some even have anti-diseasins, anti-fungal, and spirochetes.

3.4 Chinese herbal medicine feed additives have the effect of regulating metabolism and promoting growth of nutrients. Natural Chinese herbal medicines are all organic compounds and are rich in bioactive substances. They not only have direct effects, but also have indirect effects and overall regulation effects.

3.5 Chinese herbal medicine feed additives have anti-stress effect. In the research of anti-stress Chinese herbal medicine additives, Chinese herbs available for use almost include all aspects of stress syndrome, among which the types of Chinese herbs available for selection far exceed those of chemistry. additive.

3.6 Chinese herbal medicines Feed additives have the effect of improving the quality of livestock products. Chinese herbal medicines are mostly natural plant resources, many Chinese herbal medicines contain plant pigments, and some Chinese herbal medicines are extremely rich in pigment content, which provides the possibility to improve the color of livestock products (meat, eggs).

4 Actively develop and rationally use Chinese herbal medicine feed additives to ensure feed safety.

4.1 Scientifically Designing Herbal Feed Additive Formulas to Ensure Quality When designing Chinese herbal medicines and feed additive formulas, it is necessary to pay attention to the conditional compatibility of eighteen anti- and nineteen-fears in Chinese herbal medicines, and also to vitamins, trace elements, amino acids and other nutrients. The synergy and ambiguity between the two must be based on the animal species, physiological characteristics, and production performance. Different formulas and drugs, but also according to the purpose of the design formula is different, is used to promote weight gain, feed additives, additives, or for the treatment of disease resistance additives, according to certain principles selected Chinese herbal medicine group With. The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive has no drug resistance, no residue, no toxic and side effects, both nutrition and disease prevention and treatment, overcomes the various drawbacks of feeding antibiotics, hormones, and chemical agents to ensure the safety of feed and human and livestock. Most feed additives manufacturers formulate Chinese Herbal Feed Additive Formulations. First, they use Chinese medicine data to record their preferences. The second is based on the uses and functions of Chinese herbal medicines, and then through feeding tests to test their effects. The quality of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives is not stable, and there is no uniform standard for the formulation of Chinese herbal medicines. The ingredients and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines harvested in different regions and in different seasons vary greatly. It is difficult to accurately evaluate the efficacy and quality control of Chinese herbal medicines. Moreover, different manufacturers in the design of the formula, the reference feeding standards are different, and different animal physiological characteristics, nutritional needs and growth and development rules are different, so the current formula of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives does not have uniform standards.

4.2 To strengthen the study of Chinese herbal medicine preparations, rational use of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives should be developed in the direction of high-efficiency, quick-effect, and micro-scale. The use of modern biotechnology, supercritical CO2 extraction technology, fluid extraction technology, ultrafiltration technology, macroporous resin absorption technology extraction of active ingredients in Chinese herbal medicines to remove non-active ingredients, thereby increasing the unit concentration of active ingredients. Using new processing techniques (spray drying, freeze-drying, wax technology, microcapsule technology, and nanotechnology), ultra-micro processing with nanotechnology can increase the water solubility of Chinese herbal medicines and save the amount of additives, thereby overcoming the slow onset of traditional preparations and taking Large amount of drawbacks. According to the physiological characteristics of animals and growth needs, the development of multi-purpose preparations, such as Jianwei Xiaoshi agent, cardiac diuretic, Qingrejiedu, etc., for serial development and production. Master the knowledge of Chinese herbal medicine processing, processing, etc., timely, appropriate, and appropriate use of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives.

4.3 Reducing pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines and ensuring feed safety Strict implementation of the provisions of the State Drug Administration. Residues of pesticides in Chinese herbal medicines are the key to affecting feed safety. The problem of pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicine has always been a hot issue that people are concerned about. It directly affects feed safety and human and animal health. The reasons for this are: (1) Chinese herbal medicine growers lack the knowledge of using pesticides, do not use pesticides in strict accordance with prescribed procedures, use excessive doses or apply drugs too frequently, and the Chinese herbal medicine residues are too high. (2) The unqualified or inferior quality of pesticides can not only effectively kill pests and diseases, but also cause additional drug residues. (3) Pesticide dealers are still selling their own high-toxic pesticides that are prohibited by the government, such as BHC, DDT, etc., while farmers only pay attention to their use but neglect their negative effects.

4.4 Appropriate compatibility with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine to improve the effect Most Chinese herbal medicines are non-toxic and non-residual, but they take a long time and have a slow effect. Western medicines (such as antibiotics) are easy to produce drug resistance and have drug residue, but their effect is short and effective. fast. Studies have shown that the rational compatibility of Chinese medicine and Western medicine can produce: (1) synergy. Chinese herbal medicines with antibacterial effects are combined with anti-infectious western medicines, and the curative effect is better than both. (2) Complementary efficacy. Non-antibacterial Chinese herbal medicine is used in combination with anti-infective western medicine to prevent disease and promote health. Such as Angelica combined with streptomycin can promote health and improve immunity. (3) toxic effects. Some Chinese herbs can alleviate the toxic side effects of anti-infective western medicine. For example, glycyrrhizic acid can reduce the side effects of streptomycin. At present, the joint use of Chinese medicine and western medicine has become a hot topic in international research.

4.5 The product is rough. Most of the Chinese herbal medicine feed additives are crushed and agitated and then added directly to the feed. Some manufacturers only stay in the production level of crude products, the general added amount of more than 1%, some as high as 10%, not only the product is not convenient to transport, save, but also easy to change the nutrients in the feed, resulting in difficult to use. The combination of Chinese herbal medicine and Chinese herbal medicine has a taste of pungency, bitterness, saltiness, acidity, and sweetness, and the addition of excessive amounts of the herbs will affect the palatability of feed and increase the difficulty of promotion.

4.6 lack of trace products. To adapt to modern feed production process requirements, it is necessary to separate, purify, extract or purify the unilateral or compound preparations and obtain the active ingredients or biologically active substances to prepare premixed powders, ready-to-dissolve powders, granules, and oral liquids. Formulations such as coated microcapsules.

4.7 Lack of systematic products. According to the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines, additives with different directions of action should be produced to break the current situation of multiple uses of a group of prescriptions. Such as egg-promoting agents, growth-promoting agents, livestock product quality improver, egg yellow enhancer, pork lean rate improver, livestock product flavor, immune function enhancer and other serial products to meet the requirements of the development of the breeding industry.

In summary, although there are still many constraining factors in the production, promotion and application of Chinese herbal medicine additives, with the advancement and development of science and technology, the continuous improvement of processing technology and the development of green products, the Chinese herbal medicine feed additives must be extremely broad. The development prospects. China has a wealth of Chinese herbal medicine resources, and the traditional Chinese medicine culture will be fully displayed. These advantages should be fully utilized to accelerate the research and development of natural Chinese herbal medicine feed additives, and to create a brand of feed additives with Chinese characteristics, as well as to promote animal husbandry in China. Great development.