Medicinal plant pest chrysanthemum gall midge

The scientific name Epimyiu sp. Diptera, ticks and mosquitoes. Distributed in Hebei, Henan, Beijing, Anhui and other places.

Host chrysanthemums and wild asteraceae.

Injury The larvae damage the leafhoppers, apical growth points, and young leaves of the chrysanthemums. They form green or purple-green, peach-shaped insects that are round and round on the top, and are harmful to the chrysanthemums. The plants grow slowly and dwarfed. Affects buds and blossoms.

Morphological characteristics Adult body length 3-5mm, orange-yellow when the initial emergence, the gradient is dark brown. Compound eyes are black, large and prominent. Antenna rosary, 17-19, male mosquitoes ring hair. The forewings are wide, with hairs, and 3 longitudinal veins. The hind wings are degraded into balance sticks. Yellow and slender legs. The abdomen internodes are yellow in the abdomen and the lateral membrane, the back plate is black, and the abdomen is short and thick in the first 6 knots, and slender in the posterior segments 3 and 4. Egg length 0.5mm, long oval, orange-yellow, purple. The instar larvae are 3.5-4mm long, orange-yellow and spindle-shaped. Head deterioration is not significant. The needle is retractable, with a curved hook at the end, and sometimes less noticeable pieces of the sword are found on the chest. The naked cubs are 3–4mm long, orange-yellow, and each has short l hair on the outside.

Living habits Hebei, Henan, born 5 generations, to mature larvae winter. In March of the following year, the adult eclosion was observed. In early April, the adult eclosion occurred. Eggs lay on the chrysanthemum seedlings. The first-generation larvae emerged in mid-April in April. The field soon appeared slender, and in early May, worms entered the field with seedlings. In mid-May, The emergence of adult ecloses in the next generation. Eggs are scattered or produced at the leafhoppers and growth points of the chrysanthemum plant. After larvae have hatched, they can be infiltrated into the chrysanthemum tissue after 1 day, and the worms are formed after about 5 days. With the growth and development of larvae, insects gradually enlarge. There are 1-13 larvae in each worm. After the larvae are matured, they are larvae in the cocoon. Adults mostly emerged from the top of the gall infestation, the emergence hole was round, and the clam shell exposed half of the opening. Later generations are breeding in the chrysanthemum field. The second generation occurs in the middle and late fifth of the month of May; the third generation of late June and early August; the fourth generation of early August and late September; the fifth generation of late September and late October. In late October, the larvae were old and matured from the gallbladder and buried in the ground for l-2cm at the end of the winter. There are 5 parasitic bees in natural enemies.

Prevention methods (1) Clear weeds in the field of Asteraceae plants to reduce the source of insects. (2) Avoid inducing juveniles from severe areas of Chrysanthemum moth mosquitoes, as chrysanthemum moths occur earlier, and eggs and newly hatched larvae can be introduced at the seedling stage. (3) Control of insecticides Adult adults can spray 40% dimethoate EC 1500 times or 50% phoxim EC 1000-1500 times to kill adult spawners. (4) Protect natural enemies. At the later stage of the pest occurrence, when the number of enemies is large, do not blindly use chemical agents to protect natural enemies to give full play to natural enemies' natural control. This will not only control the damage in the later stages, but also reduce the amount of occurrence in the spring of next year.

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