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Keeping high-yield and stable production methods for laying hens in summer
Egg-laying hens are highly sensitive to high temperatures. When the temperature exceeds 32°C, their egg production drops significantly. Prolonged heat stress can even lead to chicken deaths. So, how can we reduce the impact of heat stress, maintain high egg yields, and improve overall efficiency in summer? Here are some effective strategies.
**Preparation Before Summer**
1. Improve insulation on roofs and walls to minimize solar heat gain. Painting the roof and exterior walls with white paint helps reflect sunlight and lower heat absorption. You can also cover the roof with insulating materials like straw. During hot days, spraying water on the roof can further reduce heat absorption.
2. Install awnings outside windows or use black woven bags to block direct sunlight. This helps keep the interior cooler.
3. Set up exhaust fans and consider vertical ventilation combined with a wet curtain system for better air circulation and cooling.
**Heat Stress Prevention and Cooling Measures**
- Use fans to increase air movement inside the chicken house. Extend fan operation time and shorten intervals to enhance air exchange and lower indoor temperatures.
- Water misting and wet curtains are effective methods. Spraying water at a certain wind speed can help cool the environment through evaporation. However, avoid misting when the wind is weak, as it may increase humidity and make it harder for chickens to regulate body heat. If possible, use wet curtains, which can lower indoor temperatures by 5–6°C, sometimes even below outdoor temperatures.
- During peak heat hours (12 PM to 3 PM), spray cold water on the roof and surrounding areas for additional cooling.
- Provide shade using netting on the sunny side of the house. Block direct sunlight from doors, windows, and air inlets. The cooled air passing through the net will enter the house, reducing indoor temperatures by about 2–3°C.
- Ensure clean, cool, and fresh drinking water is always available. Use deep well water and keep it flowing throughout the day.
**Reduce Stocking Density**
Lowering the number of chickens per unit area helps reduce heat buildup and improves comfort.
**Hygiene and Disease Control**
Regularly disinfect the chickens and combine this with water-based cooling. Disinfect 2–3 times a week. Also, control flies, mosquitoes, and pests. Clean manure daily and replace bedding regularly to maintain a clean and fresh environment.
**Monitor Chicken Health**
Keep a close eye on feed intake, water consumption, and droppings. If any abnormalities are noticed, take immediate action and remove sick chickens to prevent disease spread and economic losses. Keep the environment quiet and avoid sudden noises that might startle the flock.
**Nutrition Management**
Adjust feeding practices to ensure adequate nutrient intake. Feed small amounts more frequently to encourage eating. Increase the number of feeding sessions to boost appetite. Try to feed during the coolest parts of the day—early morning, mid-morning, and evening.
- Adjust the diet by replacing part of the corn with 1–2% fat. This reduces energy feed usage, lowers dust in the house, and improves feed palatability.
- Add essential amino acids instead of high-protein feeds to reduce heat stress during digestion. Supplement methionine (500–1000g/ton) and lysine (250–500g/ton) to improve egg production and reduce mortality.
- Maintain calcium levels at around 3% in the diet, especially in the afternoon, to compensate for reduced feed intake.
- Add sodium bicarbonate and vitamin C to the feed. Sodium bicarbonate helps prevent heat stress and improves eggshell quality. Vitamin C boosts immunity and egg production, so you can double the normal dose.
By implementing these strategies, you can maintain stable egg production, reduce heat-related mortality, and improve overall performance. Try these methods and see the benefits for yourself!