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Autumn silkworm rearing methods and techniques
Autumn is an ideal season for raising multi-filament silkworms, as the temperature aligns well with their physiological needs. Proper care during this time is crucial to ensure healthy growth and high yields. To raise quality autumn silkworms, there are four key steps that should be strictly followed.
First, thorough disinfection is essential. After multiple rounds of silkworm rearing in the first half of the year, pathogens tend to accumulate, increasing the risk of disease. Before starting a new batch, it's important to clean and disinfect all areas, including the silkworm house, mulberry room, storage areas, and surrounding environments. You can use 1% available chlorine bleach, a mixture of 2% formaldehyde and 0.5% lime, or net disinfection. Apply about 150–200 grams of solution per square meter, keeping it moist for at least 30 minutes. For formaldehyde, seal the area for 24 hours to ensure full disinfection. Don’t forget to disinfect tools like silkworm nets and chopsticks, as well as the silkworms themselves. Disease prevention must be comprehensive and consistent throughout the entire process.
Second, proper fertilization and mulberry management are vital. As autumn progresses, mulberry leaf production declines, and trees may grow slowly due to drought or nutrient depletion. Regular weeding, soil loosening, and timely fertilization help maintain soil health. Apply organic and chemical fertilizers together, such as 1,500 kg of farmyard manure, 10 kg of urea, and 25 kg of compound fertilizer, split into two applications. You can also use 0.5–1% urea as a foliar spray to boost tree vitality. Watering and covering the field with straw or weeds can help retain moisture. These practices ensure strong mulberry growth, which in turn supports better silkworm development.
Third, careful planning of feeding is necessary. Adjust the number of silkworms based on the availability of fresh mulberry leaves. In dry weather, morning harvests are best, and leaves should be stored properly—using bamboo racks for young silkworms and thin films for older ones. Feed young silkworms with tender leaves and provide more food when they’re ready to eat. This ensures efficient use of mulberry and reduces waste.
Finally, maintaining a stable environment is critical. Autumn temperatures can be unpredictable, so ventilation and cooling are needed early on. Later, warming and humidity control become important. Keep the silkworm room at 25–28°C with a temperature difference of no more than 2–2.5°C. Avoid sudden temperature changes by adjusting heating and watering as needed. Proper environmental control prevents diseases and promotes uniform growth.
In addition to these technical steps, meticulous care and attention to detail are essential. A saying goes, “Raising 70% of silkworms is about management.†Ensure each silkworm gets enough food, monitor their behavior, and remove weak or sick individuals. Provide fresh, high-quality mulberry leaves, feed them in small amounts regularly, and ensure they eat and sleep properly. This sets the foundation for strong, healthy large silkworms that produce high-quality silk. With proper care, you can maximize yield and quality.
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